The academic professoriate is a determinant of successful higher education systems. Yet, recently, worsening conditions of employment, deteriorating salaries, and threats to job security have made the academic profession less attractive, especially to young scholars, in several countries. This paper investigates the salaries as well as the…

This study, conducted in France, sought to describe the organization of the content of the social representations that high school students in transition construct of work and their own future, taking into account two variables: their type of secondary school and the anticipated length of their post-secondary education. For this purpose, 669…

Governments recognise that careers guidance, underpinned by accurate labour market information, can help learners make post-secondary education choices that match their interests, aptitudes and abilities, and lead to rewarding employment. For this reason, they have invested in building linked education/employment information systems and other…

This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2024, organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS), held in International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2024, held in Porto, Portugal, from 20 to 22 of April…

Since the mid-1990s, increasingly fewer French students have been enrolling for science subjects at university. Speaking of a "loss of interest in science among young people" is nevertheless premature. The phenomenon is primarily due to socio-demographic changes. As a result of their position in French higher education, universities,…

In order to present the problem of the democratisation of higher education by reference to unambiguous data, the authors propose a simple principle for calculating the opportunities for entry to a given level of instruction, or into a given field, as a function of social origin and sex. (Editor)

Described is a study that determined the long-term evolution of engineers' needs. Four essential tendencies which can be considered basic postulates for consideration and action are included. Recommendations based on the four postulates are presented. (KR)

Of all the Roman Catholic religious orders, none has proved more controversial than the Society of Jesus, founded in 1534. This article investigates how social changes in 19th century France affected enrollment figures and curricular choices during the critical period in the history of French Jesuit colleges. (RM)

Described are the university training centers for engineers in France. The profiles of applicants, the distribution of students over different specializations, and the salary progression for engineering graduates are discussed. (KR)

Compares career preferences of graduates of the two most prestigious Jesuit schools in nineteenth-century France. Graduates of one, which catered to the upper class, generally followed familial vocations such as law. Graduates of the other, upwardly-mobile members of the middle class, generally chose public service careers in the armed forces.…

The decade from 1985 to 1995 saw a very significant increase in the numbers of those staying on at school beyond the age of 16 in France, a process largely underpinned by the development of vocational and technological training. This article examines one of the crucial aspects of this "democratisation": the creation of educational routes…

The way in which changes in overall university funding can affect systems for paying staff, and in turn affect faculty career patterns and mobility, is examined. Data on pay, responsibilities, and qualifications of different faculty ranks in 8 countries (Sweden, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, United States) are compared. (MSE)

These 15 papers include: (1) "Current Models and New Developments in Teacher Education in Austria" (Michael Schratz and Paul Josef Resinger); (2) "Teacher Education in Canada: Renewing Scholarly, Pedagogical, and Organizational Practices" (Therese LaFerriere, Nancy Sheehan, and Tom Russell); (3) "Current Models and New…