The U.S. R&D enterprise relies on businesses, federal and nonfederal governments, higher education institutions, and other nonprofit organizations. This report identifies trends in R&D performance and funding and compares them to those of the world's other major economies. The U.S. annual total of R&D has expanded steadily since 2010…

The Jin (Jin refers to Shanxi Province) merchants have a very important position in the history of Chinese business. The Jin merchants is a business course that investigates Shanxi businessmen and their business activities. As a local characteristic of the business curriculum of China, this course is taught in a number of universities. Taking the…

Growth in the field of medical education is evidenced by the proliferation of units dedicated to advancing Medical Education Research and Innovation (MERI). While a review of the literature discovered narrative accounts of MERI unit development, we found no systematic examinations of the dimensions of and structures that facilitate the success of…

The article studies the differences in knowledge production between academic researchers. In this perspective, it attempts at first to answer the following question: what factors explain differences in knowledge production between Canadian researchers in natural sciences and engineering? After a presentation of some of the empirical evidence…

In recent years there has been an overall lack of a clear and cohesive research funding policy for higher education which poses real risks in Australia's ability to sustain research excellence and is likely to lead to a decline in Australia's research performance at the international level. This could well lead to a decline in the reputation of…

For the first time, the annual conference of the European Association for Computer-Assisted Language Learning (EUROCALL) took place in Sweden. The conference took place at the Faculty of Education on historic ground on the old fortification walls of Carolus Dux from the 17th century right in the centre of the city. This year's host comprised the…

The struggle for academic freedom in nineteenth century Ontario was closely bound to the acceptance of evolutionary theory. A history is given of the impact of Darwin's theories on the evolution of academic freedom in Canadian universities. (CJB)

Collated and analyzed are part of the results of the evaluation of a Canadian government program for helping scientific research. The analysis deals with the relationship between public authorities and the university community in Quebec Province. (BT)

From 1959 to 1976, a new professionalization trend emerged among francophone faculty in Quebec's universities as a result of increased direct funding, rapid institutional development, bureaucratization of the university system, and faculty unionization. By 1976, unionization was achieved and the professional role of faculty had been defined. (MSE)

Originally prepared for the Science Council of Canada, this document summarizes issues and concerns discussed by participants in a colloquium on content in Canadian science education. The meeting was prompted by the Report of the Commission on Canadian Studies which indicated, among other findings, that Canadian scientists and technologists fail…

The role of two main sources of university research financing in solar energy is examined to assess whether they oriented research in the direction of government programs. The strongest relationship appears to be in journal publication patterns. This scientific community has acquired the capacity to tap varying sources. (Author/MSE)

The origins, history, and impact of Canada's Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council university fellowship program, designed to stimulate research activity among young faculty, are discussed. (MSE)

Only 45 percent of Canadian research is funded and executed by the private sector. Influenced by success stories such as the U.S. Stanford Research Park, Canadians have looked at science parks as a means to diversify their economy and to increase cooperation among government, industry, and universities. (Author/MLW)

The Northern Scientific Training Program (NSTP) is managed by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development as part of its mandate to foster science and technology in the Canadian North. NSTP supports Canadian universities in providing training that gives advanced and graduate students the opportunity to gain professional experience in…

Proceedings of a 1980 seminar on university research, sponsored by the Science Council of Canada, are presented. The increasing interest of the Canadian provinces in the direct support of university research was viewed favorably, but the general feeling was that the federal granting agencies must continue to play a leading role. A. N. Bourns…