Expert designers determine what problem needs to be solved by creating a frame that allows the identification of potential solutions. However, it is unclear how students learn to generate these frames effectively, particularly in relation to ethical decision-making and selecting appropriate constraints. In this study, undergraduate and graduate…

Of the 70.8 million people forcibly displaced from their original countries globally, 28.9 million are refugees. More than half of this refugee population are children under the age of 18, with a sizable representation from countries in Africa that have experienced continued conflicts. In resettlement countries, African refugee youth have…

In the 21st century, the use of information technology in the classroom is advancing rapidly, especially in higher education. The Internet, through social networking, has made it possible for students to learn and teachers to teach outside the classroom walls. Facebook in particular has made it possible for students to interact and communicate…

The Republic of Senegal, formerly a French colony, is the westernmost country in Africa. It is a three-party democracy, with 92% of the population being Muslim. The structure of education is still closely modelled on the French system of "Elementaire" (Basic) from 7 to 13, "Moyen" (Middle) from 13 to 16 and…

Presents two classroom ideas for elementary social studies: (1) a job description and responsibility program and (2) a cross-cultural, folktale-based activity using an award-winning children's book. Includes instructions for implementing the activities, a list of job descriptions, and a chart of African terms and their English meanings. (CFR)

The proceedings of a nation-wide conference in Nigeria concerning adult education are presented. The following steps are proposed in the line of national and international cooperation; these steps can be taken without waiting for financial and administrative approval: (1) the registration of all kinds of adult education programs and activities…

A selected annotated bibliography on projects, training, and strategies for generating income, intended for persons actively engaged in non-formal education for development, reflects a growing number of projects on income generation by and for women's groups, and a reliance upon indigenous associations and group action. Documents dating from 1969…

Devoted to the role of participation in nonformal education (NFE) activities in enhancing development, this issue consists of an article on participation in NFE activities, descriptions of participatory programs, an annotated bibliography on participation, and a review of various publications related to participation. The lead article, "Can…

A SELECTION OF EXPERIMENTALLY TESTED MATERIALS, THIS REVISED AND EXPANDED HANDBOOK IS DESIGNED FOR USE IN DEVELOPING NATIONS IN GENERAL AND IN THE EMERGING AFRICAN NATIONS IN PARTICULAR. THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS TRAINING ARE PRESENTED--TRAINING NEEDS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES IN ENGLISH SPEAKING AFRICAN NATIONS…