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Use of an Independent Group Contingency Management System in a Regular Classroom Setting.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Brantley, D. Candace; Webster, Raymond E. – Psychology in the Schools, 1993
Examined usefulness of independent group contingency system for decreasing inappropriate behaviors. Twenty-five fourth graders in regular classrooms participated in intervention, which involved public posting system using positive reinforcement for desired behaviors. Targeted behaviors showed marked decreases across eight-week treatment period and…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Class Activities, Discipline, Grade 4
The Effects of Early Grade Retention on the Academic Achievement of Fourth-Grade Students.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Johnson, Eugene R.; And Others – Psychology in the Schools, 1990
Investigated academic effects of early retention by comparing fourth graders who had been retained in kindergarten or first grade (n=40), were recommended for early retention but were not retained (n=17), or had normal progress (n=20). Found no significant differences in academic achievement between retained and recommended-for-retention groups;…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Grade Repetition
Reading Comprehension and Lateral Preference in Normal Readers.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Rothlisberg, Barbara A.; Dean, Raymond S. – Psychology in the Schools, 1985
Examined the effect of lateral preference on passage comprehension and short-term memory function for 48 normal fourth-grade males. Lateralized readers recalled more information under auditory than written conditions; bilateral readers showed no preference. Between-group comparisons showed bilateral readers to comprehend significantly more than…
Descriptors: Children, Grade 4, Intermediate Grades, Lateral Dominance
Effects of Cognitive Monitoring Strategies on the Test Anxieties of Elementary Students.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Grindler, Martha – Psychology in the Schools, 1988
Assigned test-anxious fourth and fifth graders (N=66) to a cognitive monitoring training or a control group. Pretreatment, posttreatment, and six-week follow-up measures revealed no significant differences between groups on either the self-report measure of test anxiety or the Metropolitan Achievement Test. (Author/ABL)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Behavior Modification, Comparative Analysis, Elementary School Students
How are Recommendations Concerning Reading and Spelling Disabilities Arrived at and Why Do Experts Disagree?
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Bus, Adriana G. – Psychology in the Schools, 1989
By means of educational and psychological tests, 10 reading specialists thought aloud about a simulated case of reading and spelling disability in fourth-grade boy. Protocols were transcribed and scored. Despite choosing from common information sources, experts differed substantially in diagnoses and recommendations. Found no indications for…
Descriptors: Educational Diagnosis, Foreign Countries, Grade 4, Intermediate Grades
Increasing Word Recognition and Math Ability in a Severely Learning-Disabled Student with Token Reinforcers.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Pavchinski, Peter; And Others – Psychology in the Schools, 1989
In a two-part experiment, a severely learning-disabled youth was treated for lack of reading and math skills using token reinforcers for correct responses. The subject reached a 90 percent correct response rate following implementation of experimental design. Part two produced a 100 percent achievement level for the most difficult math items.…
Descriptors: Change Strategies, Grade 4, Intermediate Grades, Learning Disabilities
The Identification of Alienated Parents and Children: Implications for School Psychologists.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Calabrese, Raymond L.; And Others – Psychology in the Schools, 1987
Examined predictors of parental alienation in parents of 49 urban midwestern fourth-graders using the Dean Alienation Scale. High levels of alienation were associated with single, unemployed female parents, whose child was a female with few perceived friends. In predicting parental level of alienation, race, achievement, and attendance were not…
Descriptors: Alienation, Family Environment, Grade 4, Identification