The effects of instructions for using advance organizers upon the learning and retention of new information were examined. The special instructions explained an organizer's function and directed students to use the advance organizer. An advance organizer treatment, an advance organizer with special instruction treatment, and a no advance organizer…

PROBLEMS RELATED TO SEX DIFFERENCES IN ACHIEVEMENT AMONG ABLE HIGH SCHOOL YOUTH WERE STUDIED--(1) THE LACK OF CORRELATION BETWEEN A MEASURE OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND ACTUAL SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT AMONG GIRLS, AND (2) THE RELATIVELY DIFFERENT EFFECT OF CERTAIN PARENTAL ATTITUDES ON THE ACHIEVEMENT BEHAVIOR OF BOYS AND GIRLS. THE SUBJECTS USED WERE…

Data on 2,546 Finish adolescents were analyzed to determine the role of gender in the subjects' occupational and educational plans. Focus was on sex-atypical aspirations of students in Grades 9 and 12. Gender played a significant role in aspirations. Other influential factors included school performance, family background, and personality. (TJH)

Attitudes toward mathematics and attitudes toward computers were examined for 1,018 grade 8 students and 800 grade 12 students. The female students were more likely than the male students to associate negative attitudes toward mathematics with negative attitudes toward computers. Participation in an eighth-grade mathematics course with a computer…

Significant differences were found on the aesthetic, intellectual and material values scales but not on the humanitarian, power, and religious scales. (Author)

This bulletin discusses the mathematics and science course enrollment trends of secondary students in Australia, which are of national concern because of the low participation rates overall and because of the gender imbalance in enrollment numbers. Statistics are reported for 12th-grade mathematics and science course enrollment, and expectations…

A group of 562 sixth grade students and 559 twelfth grade students was surveyed to determine if there was a difference in reading attitudes between male and female students overall and between the sixth and twelfth grade levels for each sex. Although the majority of students disagreed with the statement that reading is for learning but not for…

Evaluation to determine if identical illustrations used in learning and testing situations are equally effective for boys and girls of the same grade level. Subjects were members of grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. (AJ)

A set of High School and Beyond data was used to study the effect of three variables on academic achievement. Homework had a positive effect, TV a negative, and parental involvement no direct effect on seniors' achievement scores, but influenced the amount of time students spent on homework. (Author/JAZ)

Reanalysis of data for 13,200 twelfth-grade students indicated that sex has a significant effect on mathematics achievement even after controlling for sex differences in spatial abilities and background and interest in mathematics. Women tend to have less spatial visualization ability, and its effects on mathematics achievement are greater for…

This study reports a national survey designed to identify the relative importance of the many factors that may be affecting women's participation in mathematics. Results confirm that numerous factors may affect women's and men's participation in mathematics and suggest areas for intervention to increase women's participation. (MP)

Investigated the influence of gender, ability, and grade level on the political attitudes of ninth and twelfth grade students. Among the conclusions were that low ability subjects are less likely to support fundamental freedoms and that females have greater respect for law and law officials. (GEA)

This report discusses findings from the Monitoring the Future study in relation to adolescent cigarette preferences. Results show that in 1998, 19.1% of the eighth graders, 27.6% of the tenth graders, and 35.1% of the twelfth graders reported smoking within 30 days prior to the survey. By the time they finish high school, 65.2% of American young…