Evaluation to determine if identical illustrations used in learning and testing situations are equally effective for boys and girls of the same grade level. Subjects were members of grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. (AJ)

This report discusses findings from the Monitoring the Future study in relation to adolescent cigarette preferences. Results show that in 1998, 19.1% of the eighth graders, 27.6% of the tenth graders, and 35.1% of the twelfth graders reported smoking within 30 days prior to the survey. By the time they finish high school, 65.2% of American young…

THIS STUDY SOUGHT TO DISCOVER AND ANALYZE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVATIONAL PATTERNS AND THE EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT OF TALENTED STUDENTS. THE OBJECTIVES WERE TO DETERMINE--(1) THE DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVATION TOWARD ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT BETWEEN THOSE WHO ACHIEVE AND THOSE WHO DO NOT, (2) THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ACHIEVERS AND NONACHIEVERS IN…

A study was conducted to determine the relationship of curriculum, gender, and location of residence to career maturity of high school students. Two schools (one urban, one rural) in central Ohio provided 320 participating students. A stratified random sampling techique was then used to select equal numbers of 10th and 12th grade vocational-male,…

A 20-item double-Q sort was used to measure differences in perceptions of grades 8, 10, and 12 students (N=215) according to letter grades and sex. Differences in perception according to success were found for both ideal and actual student behavior, while sex differences were not noted. (Author/JN)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a state-mandated remedial reading program in grades ten through twelve by determining if significant differences existed in student reading achievement growth, attitude, and opinions with regard to school, sex, and grade. The population consisted of 137 students completing a one-semester…

Paper examines ethnic differences in licit and illicit drug use among American 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students, with a particular focus on girls. Across ethnic groups, drug use is highest among Native American girls and lowest among black and Asian American girls. Trend data suggest that girls' and boys' drug use patterns are converging.…

Investigates the effect of gender on expectations of salary and judgments about occupational suitability. Responses from 1,062 high school students were collected. Females provided lower salary estimates than males and were less likely to stereotype occupations on the basis of gender. Academic achievement was negatively correlated with…

Test performance of high school students on the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), and the Differential Aptitude Tests (DAT) was compared. The design of the study provided for information on test intercorrelations, prediction equations for the ASVAB tests from the commercial tests and…

Affective and academic outcomes of grade retention were studied using the High School and Beyond (HSB) data set--a large, nationally representative sample of students. More specifically, the study: compared the academic (achievement and educational attainment) and affective (educational aspirations) outcomes of retained and non-retained students,…

Longitudinal study of mathematics achievement and gender of (n=60) students progressing from 6th to 12th grade found consistent gender differences in stereotyping mathematics as a male domain; identified no difference in spatial, verbal, or mathematics skills; and found positive correlation between achievement and confidence. (17 references)…

Examined secondary school students' (n=364) attitudes toward time use. Three constructs of time-use attitudes were identified: passive fatalistic, egoistic, and conscientious. Several significant developmental patterns of time-use attitudes were found for males and females in grades 8, 10, and 12. (Author/NB)

A study investigated the relationship between sex and reading achievement at the high school level. In addition, it examined the amount of variance in reading achievement accounted for by certain demographic variables, such as type of school, location of school, and socioeconomic status of students. Data for the study came from the High School and…

Sex-related bias on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) was studied in a sample of 1,112 students in SAT coaching classes who took the SAT. Of these, 1,028 answered an additional questionnaire (Appendix A of this report) about high school grade point average, perceived abilities, and background. Almost all of the subjects were 11th graders (97.8%),…

A sample of 333 8th, 10th, and 12th graders completed a questionnaire measuring their academic motivational orientations through items investigating perceptions of causal attributions and actual causal attributions. Results show a number of gender differences, with girls more likely to attribute failure to lack of ability and lack of effort. (SLD)