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Theory of Mind and Prosocial Behavior in Childhood: A Meta-Analytic Review
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Imuta, Kana; Henry, Julie D.; Slaughter, Virginia; Selcuk, Bilge; Ruffman, Ted – Developmental Psychology, 2016
It has been argued that children who possess an advanced theory of mind (ToM) are more likely to act prosocially, yet the empirical findings are mixed. To address this issue definitively, a meta-analytic integration of all prior literature that met appropriate inclusion criteria was conducted. In total, 76 studies including 6,432 children between…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Prosocial Behavior, Children, Meta Analysis
Anatomy of Student Models in Adaptive Learning Systems: A Systematic Literature Review of Individual Differences from 2001 to 2013
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Nakic, Jelena; Granic, Andrina; Glavinic, Vlado – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2015
This study brings an evidence-based review of user individual characteristics employed as sources of adaptation in recent adaptive learning systems. Twenty-two user individual characteristics were explored in a systematically designed search procedure, while 17 of them were identified as sources of adaptation in final selection. The content…
Descriptors: Individual Characteristics, Cognitive Ability, Educational Technology, Web Based Instruction
Motivation and Perceived Control in Early Adolescent Friendships: Relations with Self-, Friend-, and Peer-Reported Adjustment
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Ojanen, Tiina; Stratman, Aaron; Card, Noel A.; Little, Todd D. – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2013
Motivation is assumed to influence behaviors via perceived agency over goal pursuits, but empirical research integrating motivation and action-control processes in social development is close to nonexistent. We applied this perspective to the study of early adolescent friendships by examining motivation for and perceived control (ability and…
Descriptors: Motivation, Friendship, Early Adolescents, Emotional Adjustment
Associations between Temperament and Social Responsiveness in Young Children
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Salley, Brenda; Miller, Angela; Bell, Martha Ann – Infant and Child Development, 2013
Recent research has demonstrated that social responsiveness (comprised of social awareness, social information processing, reciprocal social communication, social motivation, and repetitive/restricted interests) is continuously distributed within the general population. In the present study, we consider temperament as a co-occurring source of…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Age Differences, Young Children, Individual Differences
Young Adults' Reactions to Grandparent Painful Self-Disclosure: The Influence of Grandparent Sex and Overall Motivations for Communication
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Barker, Valerie – International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 2007
This study examined young adult grandchildren's self-reports about the influence of grandparent sex on perceived grandparent painful self-disclosure (PSD) as well as their reactions to grandparent dyad PSD. Perceived grandmother and grandfather motivations for "overall" communication were assessed as mediators of young adult grandchildren's…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Grandchildren, Grandparents, Interpersonal Communication
Tobacco Consumption and Motives for Use in Mexican University Students
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Rasmussen-Cruz, Bettylu; Hidalgo-San Martin, Alfredo; Nuno-Gutierrez, Bertha Lidia; Hidalgo-Rasmussen, Carlos – Adolescence (San Diego): an international quarterly devoted to the physiological, psychological, psychiatric, sociological, and educational aspects of the second decade of human life, 2006
Increased tobacco consumption, specially among adolescents and females, has been observed recently in Mexico. The goal of this study is to describe tobacco consumption and motives for use among university students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using data provided by 282 students aged 15-24 studying at the University of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Affective Behavior, Smoking, College Students