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Direct linkEpstein, Jennifer A.; Botvin, Gilbert J.; Doyle, Margaret – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2009
This study examined the relationship of social influences to use drugs and competence variables with lifetime poly-drug use for adolescents residing in inner-city regions. The same model was tested separately for boys and girls. Sixth- and seventh-graders (N = 2400) in inner-city schools self-reported substance use, social influences to use drugs…
Descriptors: Smoking, Females, Self Efficacy, Drug Use
Epstein, Jennifer A.; Botvin, Gilbert J.; Spoth, Richard – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2003
This study examined the relationship of psychosocial factors with alcohol use for adolescents residing in rural Iowa. This association was also tested separately for boys and girls. Seventh graders (N = 1673) self-reported alcohol use, peer drinking norms, adult drinking norms, drug refusal assertiveness, drug refusal techniques, life skills,…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Drinking, Grade 7, Rural Youth
