To determine the relationship between wage structure and employment patterns available evidence on changes in relative earnings and in relative numbers employed were surveyed for periods up to 15 years in 10 countries: Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Some findings…

Examines principal demographic determinants of recent Cuban emigration and discusses how these demographic variables interact with other social, economic, and political determinants. Suggests that Cuban labor migration is more responsive to demographic factors than some theorists assume. (Author/MJL)

Growing youth unemployment problems in Canada have resulted in the need for government intervention. The Ontario Career Action program was created in order to provide a youth internship program within government agencies that would allow relevant work experience for young people. (JN)

Massive emigration from Jamaica of professionals, technicians, managers and administrators, and skilled workers has resulted in a critical shortage of a well-educated work force. If present political and economic trends continue, this problem is likely to remain for some time to come. (ST)

Reviews and summarizes the Immigration Act of 1990, P.L. 101-649, a major revision of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) of 1952. The new legislation authorizes increased admissions, especially for those in employment programs or from underrepresented countries, and reflects new attitudes toward exclusion, deportation, and naturalization.…

A work preference model of artists' labor supply was applied to data on Australian artists. Results show that artists subsidize their profession by working outside the arts; the higher their nonarts income, the more they subsidize arts work. Artists reduce hours worked in their principal artistic occupation when they receive a higher arts income.…

This article empirically examines the spread of higher education in Japan and the resulting changes in labor quality in the last two decades. This study uses the Divisia index numbers to measure the labor quality and quality-adjusted labor supply. It points out that quality might have declined rapidly in the recent past among higher educated…

While the political transition to democratic rule in South Africa was smooth and rapid, the economic transition has been slow and difficult. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the labour market. Job creation has not matched growing labour supply and the unemployment rate continues to rise. This article attempts to document and identify the key…

A survey of 6,000 registered nurses in membership in the Royal College of Nursing across the United Kingdom examined some key factors that determined the supply of nurses. A study of the UK nursing labor market indicated that the number of registered nurses has remained more or less static since the late 1980s. Rising demand appeared to be met by…

Caribbean migration to the United States has largely resulted from capital investment in the region. Such investment attracted labor to areas targeted for high economic development, and when employment opportunities in those areas dwindled, the migrants headed toward the United States, where industries welcomed these sources of cheap labor. While…

This bibliography is composed of 1,125 citations ranging in date from 1960 to 1966 with a number of pioneering studies, published in the late 1950's, also included. Studies conducted in Canada and the United States are reported for the broad field of manpower and employment. Part I focuses on topics in the fields of employment and unemployment.…

Discusses problems encountered in France in developing a labor force skilled in areas needed by industry and in coordinating the supply and demand of these skills. Conclusions are that vocational training research must be promoted on a systematic basis and that socioeconomic factors and worker attitudes must be considered in addition to technical…

Confronts the problems of defining the European Engineer in terms of educational and practical training. Analyzes the supply and demand requirements of engineering management and practice. Compares these analyses with conditions in the United States. Gives details of the educational process in a number of European countries. (CW)

There is no good method of regulating the educational system based on specific, numerical measurements of labor requirements, and it will be important to integrate uncertainty into future forecasts. Adjustments in demand and supply of educated labor in Norway require a decentralized authority structure providing incentives for institutions and the…

Discusses achievements of an expanding public sector in education, health, and income maintenance. Also discusses adverse consequences of developments in these areas as related to labor supply and demand and to savings and investment. Effects of government tax and spending policies on the distribution of income are also addressed. (JN)