This article reflects a perspective from outside the educational fraternity. It describes management consulting studies of pay for principals. Educators prefer to be accountable to other educators for their performance. In many situations, this has led to pay policies that may reflect the consensus of educators but do not permit these educators to…

Examination of earnings and education data for a sample of approximately 1,600 workers in Pakistan reveals that the rate of return in earnings to schooling is low. The low rate of return appears to be a result of a conscious government policy that drastically compressed the skill-wage structure. (Author/MLF)

The conclusion of a 1999 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) report that wage gains for training are higher for workers with lower levels of education was revisited using data for males from the 1997 Australian Survey of Education and Training (SET). The study used methods similar to the OECD report (ordinary least squares…

On average, unemployed U.S. citizens remain jobless for much less time than their European counterparts do. The relatively low level of unemployment in the United States is attributable to two factors: a social protection system that offers far less protection than those in Western Europe do and a broad range of job openings. The fact that…

Advanced industrial economies face a work crisis in creating wage employment in a changing job market without greatly increased job inequality. There is a fundamental conflict between a deregulatory labor-market philosophy and policies intending to use educational expansion to increase employment with higher productivity and wages. Education and…

Salaries and promotion patterns in the social sciences faculty at a large Canadian university were examined for evidence of gender discrimination. No patterns of discrimination in promotion were found, and women were not more underrepresented in higher-salaried departments. Male and female faculty similar on salary-relevant variables were found to…

These 14 papers address many dimensions of gender inequality at work. The empirical studies include examinations of original surveys, secondary analyses of large data sets, and historical reports assaying the significance of personal, family, and structural factors with regard to gender in the workplace. An introduction (Jacobs) sketches how sex…

One of a series on educational planning, this booklet reviews the findings of several studies on the employment of university graduates in five developing countries: Egypt, Philippines, Sudan, Tanzania, and Zambia. Data for these studies were collected from samples of students and former graduates. A number of facets of the topic are investigated…

This paper describes the participation of immigrant women in the Canadian labor market, and focuses on the position of the women who arrived between 1961 and 1971. An introduction defines the two population groups studied; "immigrants," who are persons entering Canada as permanant residents; and "temporary workers," who do not…

Educational cost-benefit analysis, as practiced in both industrialized and developing nations, has been much criticized. Manpower planning, the principal alternative, has received even harsher criticism. The two approaches should be combined in empirically based projects that study recent graduates and chart their subsequent employment progress.…

In September 1994, South Africa's Human Sciences Research Council mailed 215,284 questionnaires to graduates to ascertain their occupational income as of July 1, 1994. The 39,495 questionnaires returned represented a response rate of 18.3%. Thirteen percent (5,138) of the respondents received no income. Of the economically active respondents, 40%…

Chachoengsao Province and Lampang Province were selected in 1976 as sites for an "action survey" to identify appropriate program areas for rural women so that governmental and voluntary agencies could be assisted in planning. During December 994 families and 1,272 women (ranging from 15-70 years old) were surveyed. Interviews were…

Salaries of Canadian university teachers for 1978-79 have been compiled in this second edition report. Information for the 43 institutions is based on the reported annual rate of salary for full-time teachers only, including those on sabbatical leave. The statistics for each institution include salary rates for full professors, associate…

This paper reports estimates of the distribution of individual private rates of return to undergraduate and community college education by field of study for Canada. It is important to know the dispersion of the private rate of return to post-secondary education, as well as its average level. There are very different implications for…

The "clinical ladder" is a grading structure that facilitates career progression and associated differentiation of pay by defining different levels of clinical and professional practice in nursing. The clinical ladder approach, which is well established in the United States, differs from the approach used in the United Kingdom's National…