The electoral victory of Lu?s In?cio "Lula" da Silva in the presidential elections of 2002 epitomized two decades of social and political transformations in Brazil. Nevertheless, instead of launching an alternative mode of doing politics, the program of the Workers' Party affirmed a state logic with a view to gradually updating the…

The article argues the case for rethinking the way we look at the process of ageing in the work place and the images we use to describe the nature of life for people over 50. Rather than there being more old and frail people in the community, many more people are experiencing an extended middle age, and their numbers are increasing. There are in…

This is the Report of the Commissioner of Education, part of the Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1895. The Bureau of Education report is contained within volume five, which is in two parts. Part one contains: (1) The Commissioner of Education's Introduction; (2) Statistics of State Common-School…

This document consists of the following three papers: (1) "Aging in the People's Republic of China" (Liang), including a 22-item bibliography; (2) "The Reform of China's Social Security System for the Elderly" (Chuanyi); and (3) "Developing Research on Aging in China" (Jihui). The first paper briefly outlines the…

This series of four articles outlines a pre-retirement planning seminar which was designed and presented to the Ministry of Education in Toronto, Canada. The first article identifies the participants and reasons for attending. The second article was designed to make policy makers and personnel administrators aware of these planning needs and to…

Describing the management processes for contraction of teachers and analyzing the consequences, this article suggests (1) a need for a substantial commitment to inservice education and (2) an alternative salary policy for overcoming teacher shortages in specific subjects. (MD)

Compared leisure behavior patterns after retirement with those of preretirement. Examined data within the context of the spillover and compensatory hypotheses, with retirement representing a nonwork sphere. Findings revealed a spillover effect, characterized by a high degree of passive, solitary leisure behavior both before and after retirement.…

The concept of Personal Major Events is proposed as a methodological approach to the study of death and dying with retired couples. A pilot study which elicited the personal major events during retirement of retired couples indicated that these couples tended to place different emphases on death. (Author)

Examined attitudes toward retirement in 805 Israeli people on verge of retirement. The results pointed to importance of distinguishing between perceptions of gains and losses in retirement development transition; identification of blue-collar workers with ambivalent attitudes as a high-risk group; and importance of strong sense of coherence in…

Reviews the legal framework of age discrimination cases, examines current attitudes and practices regarding retirement, and outlines the major arguments in the mandatory retirement debate. The contrasting principles of individual versus comparative justice are emphasized. (SK)

Examined work-to-retirement process, using quantitative and qualitative evaluations to verify whether pre-, intra-, and postretirement periods are different from one another when individual's internal organization is examined. Findings from 17 experimental and 22 control subjects, aged 65, revealed that at quantitative level retirement transition…

Two Commission of European Communities surveys of people over age 15 and of those over 60 demonstrated a widespread belief that older people deserve public support and services and face employment discrimination. Socioeconomic factors influenced older people's sense of security and life satisfaction. Positive intergenerational attitudes appeared.…

Includes "Older Workers in the European Community: Pervasive Discrimination, Little Awareness" (Drury); "Aging Workers in Japan: From Reverence to Redundance" (Takada); and "Canada's Labor Market: Older Workers Need Not Apply" (David). (JOW)

Research shows the elderly retain competence and have potential for development. However, review of low educational participation of Austrian older adults suggests constraints: influence of the social group, instructors' attitudes, and rigid separation of education, work, and retirement that limits postretirement participation. (SK)

In individual and group interviews, 14 retiring Scottish headteachers discussed their decision to apply for early retirement. Perceived pushes from the system included external pressures, job expansion/overload, bureaucracy, local authority support, loss of job satisfaction, and school relationships. Early retirement among these principals stemmed…