Purpose: To understand complex expository text, readers often engage in metacognitive comprehension monitoring. Metacognitive monitoring is assumed to rely on basic cognitive abilities (working memory updating, short-term memory, verbal intelligence). These abilities decrease in later adulthood. We thus compared younger and older adults in their…

This study ascertained the influence of gender, locality and age on metacognitive reading strategies of secondary school students. The sample size consists of 440 students randomly selected from 23 secondary schools. An adopted questionnaire tagged "metacognitive reading strategies questionnaire," was used as the data gathering…

This study aimed to understand how mindfulness meditation affects young people by examining its impact on self-regulation, happiness, emotional awareness, and school performance among two groups of school children. A 10-week mindfulness program was conducted by a meditation expert for 552 children aged 4-8 (Group 1) and 287 children aged 9-11…

A cardinal feature of adult cognition is the awareness of our own cognitive struggles and the capacity to draw upon this awareness to offload internal demand into the environment. In this preregistered study conducted in Australia, we investigated whether 3-8-year-olds (N = 72, 36 male, 36 female, mostly White) could self-initiate such an external…

This study aimed to investigate EFL students' writing strategies used in comparison to gender and year level. A descriptive-comparison design was used for this study, whereby a total of 148 English major students participated from Wolkite University and Wachamo University. To this end, the data were collected through questionnaire. The results of…

Recent studies established that making concurrent judgments of learning (JOLs) can significantly alter (typically enhance) memory itself--a "reactivity" effect. The current study recruited 190 Chinese children (M[subscript age] = 8.68 years; 101 female) in 2020 and 2021 to explore the reactivity effect on children's learning, its…

The current study addressed the relationship between subjective memory complaints and negative affect, well-being, and demographic variables by investigating the Hungarian version of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. The original factor structure showed a poor fit on our data; therefore, principal component analysis was conducted on data from…

This study is important because it deals with 21st century skills and current techniques in the field of educational technology and the studies in this field are limited in the literature. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of coding, robotics, 3D design and game design education on problem solving and reflective thinking skills…

Purpose: The importance of metacognitive awareness in learning, on the one hand, and the necessity of considering demographic variables, on the other hand, have encouraged the researchers to conduct this research. This research aims to initially determine the relationship between the level of metacognitive awareness and demographic variables of…

Humans tend to avoid cognitive effort. Whereas evidence of this abounds in adults, little is known about its emergence and development in childhood. The few existing studies in children use different experimental paradigms and report contradictory developmental patterns. We examined effort-related decision-making in a sample of 79 five- to…

Introduction: The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is one of the most worldwide employed scales to assess self-regulated learning and its factor structure is a topic of debate nowadays. In this paper the internal structure of the instrument is analyzed on university students of Argentina and Uruguay. The aim was to extract a…

Research Findings: This study aims to examine the latent profiles of parents' mediation and their predictors, as well as links between different profiles and children's problematic media use. A total of 1415 children aged 3-6 years (47.8% boys) and their paired parents were recruited in Shanghai, China and surveyed demographic information,…

Background: Learning is a self-regulated loop where learning strategies and achievements are interrelated. In reading, although some studies have explored the relationship between different learning strategies (memorization, elaboration and control) and reading achievement, little is known about how they interact over time. Even though the…

A live video was used to study the development of visual self-recognition in a cross-sectional sample of 152 typically developing French children aged between 15 months to 6 years. Three reactions to a mark placed on the child's cheek without their knowledge were studied: the touch of the mark with their hand, the ocular responsiveness to the mark…

This study explored age and gender as moderators of the effects of a school-based mindfulness program on Filipino youth's depressive and anxiety symptoms, and emotion regulation capacities. Using a randomized controlled trial design, 186 public school children in the Philippines aged 9-16 were randomly assigned to either 8 weekly sessions of a…