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Schneider, Edgar W. – Language, 2003
Discussing World Englishes, outlines a basic developmental scentrio, and suggests that speech communities typically undergo five consecutive phases in this process--foundation, exonormative stabilization, nativization, endonormative stabilization, and differentiation. Describes the sociolinguistic characteristics of each one. The framework is…
Descriptors: Dialects, Foreign Countries, Language Variation, Sociolinguistics

Thurgood, Graham – Language, 1996
Focuses on the phonological restructuring of the Chamic languages of Vietnam in the last 2,000 years. Although internal paths of change are relatively clear, available evidence indicates that external contact set the changes in motion and determined their direction. (52 references) (Author/CK)
Descriptors: Consonants, Diachronic Linguistics, Foreign Countries, Language Variation

Dorian, Nancy C. – Language, 1994
Discusses the assumption that linguistic heterogeneity reflects social heterogeneity. The article examines a challenge to this assumption evident in the Gaelic-speaking communities of East Sutherland, Scotland, with homogeneous populations showing well-established patterns of language variation that do not correlate with socioeconomic status. (38…
Descriptors: Age Groups, Code Switching (Language), Contrastive Linguistics, Data Analysis