Objective: Most youth in Sub-Saharan Africa are not enrolled in school. Although more youth are enrolling in school, they are increasingly less likely to complete their primary and secondary schooling. Similarly to many other African nations, Tanzania has an estimated out-of-school population of 49% of youth despite massive post-millennium…

Administered three dynamic tests of largely fluid intellectual ability to 358 experimental-group children in grades 2 through 5 in Tanzania who received instruction in cognitive skills with 100 controls of the same ages who did not receive cognitive skills instruction. Results suggest that children in this study seem to have important intellectual…

Although a growing theoretical literature points to credit constraints as an important source of inefficiently high child labor, little work has been done to assess its empirical relevance. This paper examines the direct effect of a transitory income shock on household child labor choices, as well as the extent to which access to credit helps…