Purpose: The goal was twofold: (a) to analyze the evolution of sportspersonship attitudes and negative values along a learning unit using the contextualized sport alphabetization model and (b) to determine the associations between sportspersonship and self-determined motivation. Method: The study followed a preexperimental, cross-sectional design…

Cheating detection is an important issue in standardized testing, especially in large-scale settings. Statistical approaches are often computationally intensive and require specialised software to conduct. We present a two-stage approach that quickly filters suspected groups using statistical testing on an IRT-based answer-copying index. We also…