Examines four individual causal attributions (ability, effort, context, and luck) for success and failure in social affilation. Both an internal-external dimension and a stable-unstable dimension were used. Subjects were 684 university students from India, Japan, South Africa, United States, and Yugoslavia. (Author/MP)

Examined attributes for success and failure in achievement and affiliation domains among college students from several countries to determine whether gender differences are associated with cultural variations. Found (1) statistically significant differences between males and females in attributing achievement to tasks and (2) insignificant…

The objective of this study was to empirically validate West Germans' classifications of 11 attributions according to dimensions of locus, stability, controllability, predictability, and globality. The West German sample was then compared to an American sample. It is believed that West Germans and Americans develop different beliefs about the…

Beliefs about the causes of success and failure in academic achievement were compared for students in the United States and Israel. The following 11 attributions were placed randomly in a questionnaire format: (1) mood; (2) skill; (3) knowledge; (4) chance; (5) effort; (6) competence; (7) help; (8) ability; (9) task; (10) bias; and (11) luck. Each…

The classifications of 11 attributions according to dimensions of locus, stability, controllability, predictability, and globality by participants in 7 countries (China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Israel, Spain, and the United States) were compared in a cross-cultural study. The attributions were: (1) bias; (2) help; (3) luck; (4) ability; (5)…