The present experiment was intended as a further elaboration of the effects of nonphysically aversive stimulation on subsequent performance, in order to determine the applicability of the helplessness model to the human subject. (Author)

Examines the nature of perceptual mechanisms mediating kinetic depth effects by pitting one type of one-dimensional motion perspective against the other. (Author/RK)

Rat received conditioning based upon a food unconditioned stimulus and then received manipulations designed to reduce the value of that food. The effects of these manipulations were assessed during extinction tests of the conditioned stimuli. (Editor/RK)

Three experiments are reported in which rats first received 50 escapable or inescapable signaled-shock trials. The results of the experiments are discussed in terms of a learned active-inactive predisposition to respond. (Editor/RK)

This paper describes and tests a two-stage model for a "semantic congruity effect" in comparative judgments. (Editor)

Two experiments were carried out investigating the extent to which recognition responses to pictures are based on specific detail vs. general information. (Editor)

Two experiments were conducted using the procedure reported by Wickens in 1972 for the study of relevant encoding dimensions in short-term memory. (Editor)

This study investigates detrimental perceptual effects of adding extraneous stimuli to a tachistoscopic pattern. In two experiments, a general inhibitory effect on reproduction accuracy was found, along with a local effect on elements spatially close to the extraneous stimuli. (Editor)

The major purpose of the present study was to provide a direct comparison of temporal contiguity effects in intentional and incidental PA learning, using the same orienting conditions and ISI values in intentional and incidental learning tasks. (Author)

It has been proposed that the ability of a visual noise mask to stop processing of a target stimulus under backward-masking conditions be gauged by its ability to obscure the target when both stimuli are viewed simultaneously. Authors assessed the usefulness of this proposal. (Editor/RK)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate interference in pigeon short-term memory using an intertrial interference paradigm. (Author)

This study provided added support for the generalization that the neural processes associated with the startle reflex are engaged by small changes in the auditory environment. They also pointed to a measure of separation between the processes responsible for inhibition and those responsible for latency shift. (Editor/RK)

Two experiments employing 180 rabbits and involving tone conditioned stimuli (CSs) and intraoral water unconditioned stimuli (UCSs) investigated pseudoconditioning of jaw movement. (Editor)

The present experiment was designed to investigate the influence of label training on the reporduction-recall of visual stimuli and follows in the tradition of the Gestalt memory-for-form literature. (Author)

The present study suggested that simple nameable pictures and individual words both involve the use of verbal processes in retention, and to about the same extent. (Author/RK)