When discussing any livelihood, a key consideration is monetary support. This is of particular concern for music livelihoods, as many art music organisations rely on external sources of funding. As both public and private funding levels are influenced by myriad factors and thus often change, this case study has been undertaken to investigate and…

Describes attempts to establish at least 20 private universities in Australia between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s, of which only 4 remain viable. Discusses five categories of national higher-education environments. Suggests that most proposed private universities were undermined by their overtly commercial character and the strength and…