This paper examines the relationship between industry and university research, focusing on developments in the United States from the 1950s through the 1980s. It found that while industry spent less than 2 percent of its research funds on academic research in 1965, it spent almost 5 percent on academic research in 1989. It also found that in the…

This paper seeks to assess the current state of academic research in light of long-term trends in the development of science. It presents three perspectives on the growth of scientific research: (1) Derek de Solla Price's (1963) hypothesis that science has exhibited exponential growth, roughly doubling every 15 years since the 17th century; (2)…