This review essay analyzes the present research on women as managers and executives in business, commerce, and industry in the United States. The nine sections of the essay cover the following topics of potential interest to researchers and businesswomen: the historical contributions of women to the development of management, the social forces…

A study investigated whether changes occurred in women's career success as a result of four years attendance at either a women's or a coeducational college. It is a follow-up to a 1975 study of the career success of entering college women. The 1979 graduates of generally comparable colleges (six women's and nine coeducational) indicated career…

The literature on the relationship of women's studies to career development and vocational outcomes is reviewed, and needs and strategies for future research are considered. The sociological studies of women's career aspirations tend to stress the importance of family background variables. Most of the sociological data examine whether women choose…

This is part of a longitudinal investigation of the academic and career development of an eighth-grade class through to their third year after high school, conducted by the Grand Rapids, Michigan Public Schools/Western Michigan University - Center for Educational Studies. The study examined the relationship between science teachers' evaluations of…

The sample consisted of 109 women in traditionally male professions and 112 women in traditionally female professions with a mean age of 51.8. Subject selection was based on whether women were under-represented or over-represented in particular fields as stated in the 1960 U.S. census. The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, the Adjective…

Program goals of Project CHOICE were evaluated in terms of their ability to develop procedures to identify educational, family, and racial barriers to fulfillment of potential in sophomore girls, to design and use strategies for removing internalized and institutional barriers, and to be validated as effective intervention measures. Results of the…

The model described offers information about displaced homemakers that, while specific to Arizona, can provide a guide to persons in any state responsible for program planning. The report presents results of an Arizona Department of Education study which was conducted to: (1) identify the "displaced homemaker;" (2) define the need for services;…

This thesis explores the idea that aspirants in the field of educational administration, particularly females, may be remiss in assessing both the capabilities they bring to the field and their individual chances of finding work there. Perceptions of the subjects were studied via survey research in three main areas: graduate school experiences,…

Educational research on gender has expanded beyond biological differences to the study of social interactions, during which individuals construct gender-related achievement differences. Much of the focus is on women's participation in mathematics, science, and technology and their life patterns. Future research should concern autonomous learning…

Describes the current status of women in the workplace, the internal and external variables that are related specifically to the career development of women, and several effective counseling strategies, programs, and resources that might be used in assisting women to overcome barriers in the career development process. (CT)

Extensive research has focused on factors that hinder the advancement of women in organizations. However, scarce literature exists about factors that facilitate such development. This paper reviews recent scholarship on women at work, through an analysis of existing literature, in order to identify factors that facilitate the advancement of…

The premise of this paper is that, although career choice implies options, issues of gender, race, and class may constrain the occupational choices an individual makes. Dominant career development theories are being reexamined for their appropriateness to diverse groups. This paper reviews the following theories: Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and…

The career development of female and male physicians who graduated from medical school in 1960 was compared. The effects of achievement motivation, performance in medical school, peer evaluation, prestige of internship hospital, and family responsibilities on professional attainment were analyzed. (Author/MLW)

Studied women students over age 30 (N=439) in advanced-level graduate and professional programs. Examined their motivations for returning to school, their choice of field, barriers and facilitating factors in their educational experience, and resulting identity changes. Found women used graduate or professional study to develop intellectually or…

Examines the relationship among sex-role attitudes, curriculum choice, and levels of educational and occupational aspirations and expectations of college students enrolled in home economics and agricultural curriculums. Results show that sex-role ideology is only weakly associated with curriculum choice but is related to career ambitions for…