Derived replicated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory clusters for both inpatient alcoholic men and women (N=300). Subsequent multivariate analyses employing several alcohol-use scales revealed significant differences among subtypes of alcoholic women but relatively poor differentiation among subtypes of men by these measures. (BH)

Holland's Self-Directed Search and NEO Five-Factor Inventory were completed by 146 males and 213 females. For males, Holland types were differentiated by the factors Openness and Extraversion; for females by Openness, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. Significant associations also appeared between these three factors and Prediger's Data/Ideas and…

Results of a study involving 260 female gifted adolescents revealed that: (1) substantial variability in classification group membership occurs over time; (2) the relationship between classification group membership and social self esteem remains relatively stable; and (3) self perceptions of stereotypically masculine instrumentality consistently…

Although currently expressed in terms of linear and intuitive halves of the brain, the concept of androgyny (the integration of male and female characteristics within each person) is central to ancient myths and religions. Most accounts concern an initial separation of the sexes and subsequent efforts to unite male and female forces. For example,…

The literature on gender and leadership constitutes a discordant, often contradictory, and typically atheoretical collection of findings. This situation exists despite the emerging psychology of women, heightened public awareness, and increasing numbers of women in positions of authority. Terborg and Ilgen (1975) took the first step toward…

Explored gender differences in two career-related areas--traits, or personality, and decision-making style--and interpreted findings in light of Gilligan's developmental theory. Indicated that women in the sample had a greater tendency to be Social or Conventional Holland types, and External decision makers on the Johnson Decision Making…

The category breadth indexes of 128 children at each age (4 and 11) were related to personality data available at ages 3, 4, 7, 11, and 14 in form of independent California Child Q-Sort (CCQ) description. Results suggested that breadth of categorization at age four correlated negatively with intelligence, while at age 11 it correlated positively…

Demonstrates that narcissism - as a personality type and pathological disorder - denotes a way of being in the world that is primarily if not exclusively experienced by men. Suggests that a particular form of family structure underlies the development of narcissism in men and cultivates asymmetrical yet intersecting problems in women. (Author/ABB)

Among findings of the study involving 119 gifted college students were that there was an interaction between sex and giftedness, and that educational intervention affected the career aspirations of women. The need for investigating the strategies that enhance motivation in women is emphasized. (CL)

Analysis of responses to Shure and Meeker Personality/Attitude Schedule showed sexes differed in elevation on six factors. Subsamples participated in coalition game. Four of six factors were related to prenegotiation stage indices of coalition formation. Sex differences in coalition behavior may be mediated by sex role socialization differences.…

Leadership behaviors of vocational education administrators in 15 midwestern states were studied. The administrators, representing four institutional types, responded to Part LB of the Boss' Management Styles Survey and the Bem Sex Role Inventory. The MANOVA procedure revealed statistically significant differences among administrative roles with…

Undergraduate students (35 males and 195 females) completed a scale assessing cooperativeness and competitiveness. Results showed these traits to be orthogonal characteristics, rather than traits that fall on the ends of a single continuum. Both were shown to be relatively gender neutral. (SLD)

Depression is nearly twice as prevalent in women as men. Reviews research suggesting that child sexual abuse, also more common for women than for men, can account for a significant portion of the differences in depression rates for men and women and discusses how such abuse affects men and women differently. (CJS)

Despite the disagreements among personality theorists on methods of testing for masculine and feminine traits, recent investigations tend to support the belief that females who compete in athletics at a highly competitive level have more masculine traits than their nonathletic counterparts. To determine whether studies done on a regional basis can…

Contrasts today's sex stereotypes with those of 10 years ago. Fifty-six female and 56 male undergraduates rated 217 adjectives as representing typical men or women. Core male traits continue to relate to "potency-strength" dimensions, and core female traits to "niceness-nurturance" dimensions, but the categories show more overlap and less…