Earnings differences are relatively small between women and men in narrowly defined jobs; however, relatively few women fill the higher levels of these jobs. (Author/JOW)

Studies suggest negative employment consequences if the minimum wage is increased. This may not affect poverty among households headed by women because the unemployment rate does not seem to play a statistically significant role in determining the poverty rate for this cohort. (Author)

Among college graduates, women earned 73% as much as men in 1993. However, when earnings of women were compared with those of men in the same major field of study, at the same level degree, and in the same age group, about half the women earned at least 87% as much as the men. (Author)

Discusses reasons for the differences in earnings between men and women: (1) differences in the labor market characteristics between men and women, (2) differences in the distribution of men and women among different jobs, and (3) discrimination in the labor market. (JOW)

Women who leave the labor market for family reasons often return to wages lower than those of women who did not. They lose seniority and are less likely to receive on-the-job training, their jobs may depreciate, and employers may believe they will again take a leave. (Author)

This report presents 1983 annual average weekly earnings of wage and salary workers (both men and women) who usually work full time (excluding the "incorporated self-employed") in more than 200 occupations, according to the classification system developed for the 1980 Census of Population. (Author)

This report presents 1981 annual average data on the number of men and women working full time in each occupation and on their usual weekly earnings. Results indicate that occupations in which women workers dominate tend to rank lower in terms of earnings; men dominate higher paid occupations. (Author/CT)

Due to lower rates of employment and other labor market difficulties, working-age persons with disabilities tend to have lower incomes and are more likely to live in poverty than persons without disabilities. Those with severe disabilities are more likely to be female, African American, older, and less educated than those without disabilities.…

From 1978-79 incidence of long hours among full-time wage and salary workers dropped for the first time since the 1974-75 recession. Of those who worked long hours, about 43% received premium pay (time and one-half the regular wage for hours worked in excess of forty per week). Employers used overtime hours to cope with disequilibrium phenomena…

The 1970 census confirms that skill, sex, and age are likely to determine the worker's position on the pay ladder. (Author)

Although college-educated Black women and White women have very similar earnings, substantial economic differences still exist between college-educated Black men and White men. (Author)

Recent years of inflation and recession held real earnings of wage and salary workers below 1973 levels; the pay gap between Black and White full-time employees narrowed after 1967, but the wide earnings disparity by sex remains. (Author)

Minorities and White women made significant gains in upper-level city government jobs over the 1976-1983 period; however, their salaries continued to lag behind those of White men. (Author)

Comparison of labor force activity of Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans shows few differences in employment status. However, although earnings were similar overall, veterans outearned nonveterans at lower educational levels, and those who served outside the war zone earned significantly more than war-zone veterans and nonveterans. (JOW)

There are clear patterns of racial and ethnic differences in the economic success of immigrants to the United States. Economic migrants are likely to have relatively higher earnings than refugees. Earnings equality is affected as well by sex, transferable skills, and motive. (SK)