Examines the court transformation of civil rights from equal opportunity and nondiscrimination to racial/gender/ethnic proportional representation. It analyzes the implications for justice and equality and suggests that it is time to restore the moral ideals of the civil rights coalition of 1964. (GR)

Congress and collegiate institutions should be in the forefront of the struggle for new laws to diminish the restrictions of the Supreme Court rulings on affirmative action, and for new affirmative action plans. As leading intellectual institutions, colleges and universities must have the moral courage to do what is right. (MLW)

Six legal scholars suggest possible outcomes of a future Supreme Court ruling on affirmative action in student admissions to higher education. The scholars examine other Supreme Court decisions and look at the impact that different justices and different presidents would have on an affirmative action ruling. (SM)

In this paper we review the research evidence on the effects of affirmative action in employment, university admissions, and government procurement. We consider effects on both "equity" (or distribution) as well as "efficiency." Overall, we find that affirmative action does redistribute jobs, university admissions, and…

Many departments in higher education institutions actively recruit women and minority candidates for faculty positions. When a department decides that an available position should be filled by a woman, are the supporting rationales legally sound? This paper describes some basic principles of federal law that address issues of affirmative action…

This pamphlet summarizes the legal requirements of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as they pertain to minority recruitment and admissions at colleges and universities which receive Federal assistance. It describes steps taken by some of these institutions to enhance the recruitment, admissions, and retention of minority students. Among…

The obligations of colleges and universities under existing laws prohibiting sex discrimination against employees and students are summarized. Principal federal sources of legal obligation regarding employees are the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, and…

These two congressional hearings are part of a series held by the Subcommittee in conjunction with its oversight of the Federal Government's enforcement of equal employment opportunity laws and affirmative action. The first hearing addresses what are perceived to be destructive rather than constructive policy initiatives and program changes in the…

The purpose of this publication is to clarify the Canadian Human Rights Commission-approved criteria for special employment programs to eliminate systemic discrimination and to ensure compliance with the Canadian Human Rights Act. The basic principle of the Act is set forth: those sections of the Act that specify discriminatory practices are…

In this book, affirmative action within the higher education community is analyzed in terms of black education and job opportunities for blacks. The importance of affirmative action and other strategies for achieving equal opportunity are discussed. The status of black education in America from the time prior to the Civil War to the time prior to…

This handbook describes the effects of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and of Title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 on employment practices in educational institutions. After an introduction to affirmative action, the Rhode Island Board of Regents' regulations dealing with equal employment opportunities are explained. An overview…

The primary objective of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 is the development of viable urban communities, including decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expanding economic opportunities. This report focuses on the attempts of Livonia, Michigan, to obtain funds under the act. Examined are the areas of citizen…

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and the HEW implementing regulations cover two major areas: sex discrimination in school courses, athletics, extracurricular activities, employment, and counseling, and sex descrimination in hiring, promotions, and benefits for school personnel. The author of this review examines the progress (and lack…

The author reviews recent legislation concerning sex discrimination and examines the courts' views of discriminatory employment practices and discriminatory practices against students. The legislation covered includes the following: Executive Order 11246 as amended by Executive Order 11375; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended by…

This study of differential opportunities for men and women graduate students was undertaken for several reasons: (1) to help reach a consensus on a proper and operational definition of sex discrimination in graduate schools; (2) to turn the debate over sex discrimination toward efforts to document quantitatively the allegations previously…