Ever since the founding of this country, equality, freedom, and justice have been the underlying values of America's political and educational systems. More than 150 years later, higher education policymakers in the United States began to incorporate these values into their admissions decisions by including ethnic and racial diversity as a stated…

In this article, the author provides insight on the issue of diversity in higher education. The author asserts that diversity--one of the great strengths of American education--is under siege today. At the elementary- and secondary-school levels, resegregation is making it exceedingly difficult for minority students to get the resources that…

Article lists federal government actions regarding vocational education and urges adoption of an affirmative action plan by educators. (SP)

Concludes that even though Federal legislation designed to equalize employment opportunities for all U.S. citizens has been enacted, the only group to enhance its employment status over the past ten years has been that of white males. (Author)

This paper explores the dimensions of a law, Affirmative Action, and its impact on a university. Section 1 concerns legal aspects with emphasis on historical and legal perspectives of affirmative action; a summary of the guidelines and compliance procedures for administrators; and the legal implications of Affirmative Action as they may affect…

The author was a member of the joint committee on behalf of the American Council on Education and the Association of American Law Schools, which prepared an interpretive working document on the Bakke decision. This paper was presented at the National Association of College Admissions Counselors, Bal Harbour, Florida, 1978. (Author)

This paper clarifies several questions regarding the Bakke Decision. It was presented at the special Bakke panel session at the National Association of College Admissions Counselors, Bal Harbour, Florida, 1978. (Author/HMV)

Reviews court decisions under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 in which, despite Section 703(j), preferential remedial action implemented through numerical formulas is prescribed to improve minority employment opportunities. Concludes the pattern will continue until Congress or the Supreme Court clarifies the subject of preferential…

Argues that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 has turned into a retreat from nondiscrimination and counsels new approach to determining job-relatedness. Suggests that preferential treatment efforts may have devastating consequences for purported beneficiaries. Suggests specific policy initiatives for improving economic opportunities for…

On June 23, 2003, the United States Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of race-conscious admissions policies designed to promote diversity in higher education. The Grutter versus Bollinger decision upheld the University of Michigan Law School race-conscious admissions policy as constitutional. However, in Gratz versus Bollinger, it held…

The history of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) is discussed in terms of Executive Order 3832 and subsequent legislation dealing with discrimination in employment. In addition, the current approach to contract compliance as practiced by the OFCCP is described. (RLV)

Presents a brief historical summary of affirmative action, examines its practices, and explores its future prospects. The article argues that the way out of the racial isolation brought about by the success of middle-class racial integration is to practice affirmative action on the basis of class rather than race, that is, equality of opportunity.…

An overview of the problem of preferential remedies to achieve equal employment opportunities for women and minority groups. Contends that "color blindness" will not end discrimination but that some form of "color conscious" affirmative action program must be employed. Temporary preferential treatment is justified, according to…

The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) enforces laws to assure equal employment practices. It also promotes affirmative action programs. The OFCCP, since consolidation in 1979, has expanded its scope, increased its response to consent decrees, imposed workload priorities, and developed a program of management controls. (RLV)

A critical look is taken at affirmative action, which is called a preferential policy of proportional employment. The author suggests that affirmative action actually denies citizens equality of opportunity, writing racial distinctions into law and holding contempt for Blacks and other pretended beneficiaries. (LBH)