In this California state curriculum model for grade 4, "California: A Changing State," students study the history and development of California from earliest times to the present. The curriculum emphasizes the role of immigration, the development of California's economy, agriculture and infrastructure, its geography and the contributions…

Rural Poverty is conceived in this report not as a geographically isolated phenomenon, but rather as a series of interrelated human, social, and economic problems with national scope. Separate sections of the report deal specifically with understanding rural and regional poverty, reclaiming human resources, abandoning outdated policies, and…

Summarizes the findings and recommendations of "Una Vida Dura" ("A Hard Life"), a 1988 study by Charles Kyle and others, that criticizes the services provided to migrant farm workers in Illinois by the Catholic Church. (FMW)

In this California state curriculum model for grade 6, "World History and Geography: Ancient Civilization," students learn that religious ideas have inspired and influenced the lives and actions of men and women, including Cesar Chavez. They see how his unselfishness, compassion for others, tolerance, and nonviolence have roots reaching…

IN A DISCUSSION OF SINGLE FAMILY RURAL FARM LIFE, THE VIEWS OF THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC RURAL LIFE CONFERENCE ARE PRESENTED IN RELATION TO THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGES TAKING PLACE IN RURAL AMERICA. THE VALUES AND ROLES OF THE MEMBERS OF RURAL FAMILIES ARE PRESENTED IN CONTRAST TO THOSE OF THE URBAN FAMILY. ALSO INDICATED ARE CHANGES TAKING PLACE…

A stratified random sample of 69 6 workers in 361 households in Kern County, California, was selected to investigate the changes in labor use resulting from farm mechanization, and to explore the trend towards a stable labor force. Some major findings were: (1) Mechanization of the cotton harvest has erased the high peak of seasonal farm labor,…

An initial report of the Economic Development Division analyzes rural America from a number of viewpoints: size and characteristics of the rural population, well-being of the rural population, ways of life and making a living, troubled areas, current economic changes, and future prospects. The publication deals briefly with the history of the…

The fruit and vegetable industry is on the road to total mechanization. The scientific and social communities need to collaborate as technological innovations influence manpower development and utilization. An awareness of the implications of technological advancement and manpower problems is required so that the U. S. fruit and vegetable grower…

In this California state curriculum model for grade 7, "World History and Geography: Medieval Society," students study the life, work, and philosophy of Cesar Chavez. They learn about the ideas and philosophies that have withstood the test of time and emerged in Chavez's work and actions. Students examine Chavez's ancestral heritage link…

Racism and racial exploitation, rather than disappearing with the march of capitalist development, appear instead as its intimate companions. The racial experience of the Mexican in South Texas was shaped by the rapid development of agriculture there in the early part of the century, between 1900-1910 and 1920-1930. The agrarian land revolution…

SEVEN ESSAYS EXAMINE THE REASONS AND PRESENT TABLEAUS OF DATA RELATIVE TO THE LOW PRODUCTIVITY OF SMALL FARMS COMPARED WITH LARGE FARMS, THE LOW FINANCIAL RETURNS OF FARM LABOR, AND THE MASS EXODUS OF FARM MANPOWER. THE CHARACTERISTICS, TRENDS, AND SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION OF HIRED FARM LABOR DURING THE PERIOD 1947-1964 ARE PRESENTED. THE CHANGING…

In 1983, personal interviews with 38 adult, Mexican American, migrant farmworker, male heads of households working tomato crops in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan revealed living and working conditions and views and involvement regarding labor rights and the farmworker movement among the estimated 65,000 Midwestern migrant farmworkers. Interview data…

CALIFORNIA FARM LABOR PROBLEMS INCLUDE LIMITED WORK OPPORTUNITY, LOW EARNINGS, LITTLE ECONOMIC SECURITY, POOR HEALTH, HOUSING, AND EDUCATION, AND UNSAFE WORKING CONDITIONS. REPRESENTATIVES OF ORGANIZED LABOR RECOMMEND ESTABLISHING A STATE MINIMUM WAGE LAW TO COVER ALL EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, AND ALSO EXTENDING FEDERAL STATUS TO…

THE FEASIBILITY AND METHODS OF USING MOBILE FACILITIES IN UPGRADING THE WORK SKILLS OF RURAL LOW INCOME WAGE EARNERS ARE EXPLORED. SUCH MOBILE FACILITIES WOULD BE DIRECTED TOWARD 3 SPECIFIC GROUPS OF PEOPLE--SMALL ACREAGE FARMERS WHO PRODUCED ONLY A MINIMAL INCOME, THE RURAL LOW-INCOME NEGRO POPULATION, AND YOUNG RURAL SCHOOL DROPOUTS WITH LITTLE…

Programs sponsored by the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity for unskilled, under-educated migrant and seasonal farm workers are summarized. It is emphasized that these programs have their major thrust in preparing breadwinners for upgraded jobs and in preparing entire farm worker families for adjustment to the way of life that new jobs will…