The purpose of the project was to gain information with which to improve the quality of tactual maps for the blind. Empirical studies of the pair-comparison type were conducted, using blind students as subjects, to determine discriminable sets of areal, linear, and point symbols made in plastic and to identify discriminable sets of linear and…

The bibliography of research on the visually handicapped covers approximately 1,300 entries published between the years 1953 and 1971, inclusive. Only those references containing reports of research on the visually handicapped in which empirical data of some kind were collected are included. Studies of single cases are included, with most studies…

A feasibility and planning study was conducted on braille code problems in five areas. The areas were textbook format, math and science, music notation, computer notation, and maps, charts, and diagrams. Problems in each of the areas were identified and defined by committees of experts. The problems were analysed and a determination was made of…

Four interim progress reports describe various aspects of the Aural Study Systems for the Visually Handicapped research project, designed to explore processes involved in aural learning by the blind and to develop an entire system of study using recorded texts. Prior to development of hardware and specifications for software for such a system, a…

A description of braille and a review of research on this topic are discussed. Summaries are presented of nine research studies which are also presented in full; conclusions and duplications of the research are considered. The nine reports cover the following topics: effects of word length, familiarity, and orthography, influence of numbers and…

Investigated was the ability of 18 blind and 18 partially sighted students in grades 4 through 12 to use the Aural Study System, which features unique indexing capabilities for searching recorded reference materials, to locate encyclopedia and dictionary items within practical time limits. Analyses were made of the time required to locate items,…

Presented is the final report on development of an aural study system which involved approximately 1000 visually handicapped elementary, secondary, and college students. Given is background information such as the relative effectiveness of reading and listening during study, and factors that affect listening comprehension such as learner…