This paper provides a review of the history of school desegregation efforts in the courts from the middle of the nineteenth century to the present. Early cases at both state and federal levels sanctioned the notion of "separate but equal" education. During the first half of the twentieth century the Supreme Court held that the existence of…

This handbook is intended as a guide for individuals and groups to use in designing and carrying out activities to monitor their state and local educational agencies (SEAs and LEAs) for compliance with the 1976 Vocational Education Amendments and Title IX. (This legislation requires affirmative action for sex equity in vocational education.)…

This report contains descriptions of recent Federal Government actions affecting education. The report covers (1) public school finance, (2) higher education finance, (3) vocational education, (4) the education lobby, (5) school busing, (6) the school prayer amendment, and (7) relationships between Congress and the Office of Education. Appendixes…

Offered are resources dealing with the improvement of educational information services, including: publications dealing with career development, federal agencies that sponsor programs aimed at improving occupational and educational information and information services, and organizations concerned with cooperative efforts to form networks of…

Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall's retirement and his successor's selection should be the occasion for rededication to the goals of desegregation of schools and housing. The history of civil rights legislation and school desegregation is traced. Barriers to desegregation and equality should increase a Black individual's determination to…

The Clinton administration has placed equal, accessible education of immigrants at the top of its agenda for 21st-century American schools. This paper examines the initiative, discussing criticism it has already drawn. For example, there are doubts as to whether providing more money for bilingual education without proper monitoring and evaluation…

This report investigates the effects of diversity on governance by examining the supply and demand for minorities trained in public policy analysis and management and international affairs specialties at the federal level. The data were obtained from various U.S. Government published reports. Topics covered concerning the supply side include:…

This report examines the feasibility of collecting social indicator data on the: (1) status of women and minorities in education; (2) federal role in elementary and secondary education; and (3) condition of professional education. Previous projects conducted literature reviews and developed conceptual frameworks for these three topics, identifying…

The application of constitutional principles of desegregation, derived from the context of primary and secondary education, to the postsecondary education setting, is addressed in the second of eight reports from the Postsecondary Desegregation Project at Vanderbilt University. The role of the U.S. Department of Education in enforcing the…

PURE's (People United for Rural Education) third national rural education conference focused on the survival of rural education in the 1980's. The conference was divided into 4 general sessions and 15 concurrent sessions. Topics addressed in the general sessions were: projections for rural education in the Midwest; considerations for financing…

This mongraph describes and analyzes the competing demands of many citizens, special interest groups, and organizations for educational equity. The significant role that the Federal government has played in the educational system over the past 30 years through financing and legislation is discussed. Four case studies are presented relating to…

The national Swedish Board of Universities and Colleges has initiated a program for the followup and evaluation of the higher education reform in Sweden. The program currently consists of six projects, with an additional three in the planning stage. They cover all of the problem areas given high priority by the national government: the…

The Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is charged with protecting fundamental rights to equal educational opportunity. During fiscal year (FY) 1990, OCR received 3,382 discrimination complaints, the highest number (as of that year) in the agency's history. OCR's National Enforcement Strategy, announced in 1990, was to focus…

This is a guide designed to aid in the filing of complaints against discriminatory practices. It provides information on how and where to file complaints about discrimination because of race, color, sex, religion or national origin. Discrimination because of age, handicap, lack of citizenship, institutionalization, military service, and status as…

A study on access to higher education in Germany was written as part of a larger study on access and admission in that country and the United States. The complex dimensions of the access situation in Germany are set forth, along with the many factors that have produced crisis: demographic trends, reforms in secondary education, legal and…