This policy profile on education in Kazakhstan is part of the Education Policy Outlook series, which presents comparative analysis of education policies and reforms across Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. Building on the OECD's substantial comparative and sectorial policy knowledge base, the series offers a…

Higher education policy is the key to lifelong learning and this is particularly important as the ageing population is increasing in many countries. It is a major driver of economic competitiveness in an increasingly knowledge-driven global economy and it also brings social cohesion and well-being. Countries are increasingly aware that higher…

Economic and political issues in Kazakstan (and most former Soviet republics) are clear barriers to achieving the schools and programs envisioned during the 1980s. Reform costs were underestimated, and educational fiscal crises are severe. Kazakstan cannot afford to heat school buildings, much less buy equipment. Secondary schools suffer from two…