Seven papers on topics of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction, language research, and applied linguistics are presented: "ESL Students and Common L2 Conversation-Making Expressions" (Eli Hinkel); "Thematic Options in Reporting Previous Research" (Sarah Thomas, Thomas Hawes); "Connected Speech Modifications in…

The present study deals with two language skills, listening and speaking, and it is limited to single consonant phonemes only. The purpose is to try to find answers to the following problems: (1) Which Finnish consonants are given as substitutes for English consonants by Finnish pupils who have no previous (or practically no previous) knowledge of…

The phonological switching processes of 16 bilingual (Spanish-English) adults were observed to provide phonological evidence for the coordinate/compound theory of bilingualism. Each subject was categorized as a coordinate or compound based on responses to a questionnaire. Subjects were recorded reading a mixed list of Spanish and English words.…

This contrastive analysis of English and Thai is designed to introduce ESL teachers to many of the differences between Thai and English. The material is intended to assist the teacher in defining the problems that Thai speakers are likely to have in learning English. The introduction includes background information on Thailand and its people. Part…

This policy brief describes the ongoing debates over the most appropriate methods for educating students, the need for stronger research into the educational attainment of English language learners (ELLs) and recommendations for developing quality programs for ELLs. The National Research Council (NRC) recommends that schools seek to implement…

Designed to provide classroom teachers, administrators, district personnel, and board members with a brief description of the cultural and educational background of native Spanish speakers, this monograph is divided into seven sections. Section 1 describes the historical and cultural influences on the Chicano way of thinking, believing, acting,…

These study guides were prepared to accompany 32 one-half hour videotapes on the sounds of English, which together serve as the basis for a phonetics and pronunciation course at Napa College. In addition to viewing the videotapes, the students, largely non-English speaking, have contact with their instructor for one and one-half hours per week and…

SOME OF THE NEWER APPROACHES TO THE TEACHING OF SECOND LANGUAGES AS APPLIED TO ENGLISH READING INSTRUCTION FOR INDIAN AND MEXICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS ARE EXPLORED. SPECIAL EMPHASIS IS GIVEN TO THE UNIQUE CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS FACED BY THE CHILDREN OF THESE ETHNIC GROUPS. CONSIDERABLE EMPHASIS IS GIVEN TO THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF…

One major view concerning what an orthography should be conforms to Pike's idea that a practical orthography should be phonemic, that is, that there should be a one-to-one correspondence between each phoneme and the symbolization of that phoneme. An alternative view, that of Chomsky and Halle, proposes that the fundamental principle of orthography…

A field experiment, attitude surveys, and a process evaluation were conducted in order to evaluate the third year of Carrascolendas, a kindergarten--second grade bilingual series carried nationwide on the Public Broadcasting Service. Test scores showed that material presented in Spanish had a significant impact on learning in history and culture.…

Language Assessment Scales, LAS I, are designed for children in grades K-5. LAS I accommodates ethnic and linguistic differences and provides direct language activities taken from the popular culture of both English- and Spanish-speaking peoples. LAS I consists of two independent tests, one in English and the other in Spanish, presented largely on…

Language Assessment Scales, Level 2 (LAS II) are used to assess the linguistic proficiency of limited-English-speaking or non-English-speaking adolescents. LAS II, like its predecessor, LAS I, provides a picture of oral linguistic proficiency based on a student's performance across four linguistic subsystems: phonemic, lexical, syntactic and…