The academic skills that students of English as a second language (ESL) require to survive in American educational institutions are identified, and ways of incorporating the skills into ESL classes or programs are suggested. The following academic skills are important to ESL students: (1) ability to take notes of lectures and textual materials;…

This study compared three reading skill areas (recalling details, understanding a main idea not explicitly stated, and making inferences) in Spanish, the subjects' native language, and American English, their second language. The sample consisted of 47 adults from nine Latin American countries and Puerto Rico who were completing an intensive ESOL…

This report discusses the importance of bilingual reading instruction for limited English speaking ability (LESA) students, and careful testing of their language dominance and reading levels. Bilingual students, and English- and Spanish-dominant students from the Fabens Independent School District, Grades K-13, were tested for the data reported…

The 18 papers in this anthology have been grouped into four sections, arranged partially by topic. These papers have been selected to represent the ideas and views put forward at the 2004 RELC International Seminar on "Innovative Approaches to Reading & Writing Instruction" held April 19-21, 2004. Of the 18 papers contained in…

This manual is designed to assist English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) teachers in adult basic education programs in assessing and documenting student progress. It is organized into five sections according to skill areas: reading; writing; speaking; listening; and computation. Each section includes a list of core competencies, a list of assessment…

Children whose homes are filled with books, whose parents read to them, and who have begun to understand the reading process have higher levels of reading skills and knowledge when they enter kindergarten than children who do not have such rich literacy experiences before entering school. This article describes a family literacy project developed…

This chapter argues that a detailed, grounded understanding of classroom literacy practices as well as of learners' writing is crucial to begin to change the ongoing and patently unequal educational outcomes that schools often produce. It is impossible to intervene realistically and effectively in an evidential vacuum. The 1955 "Brown v.…

The purpose of this report was to describe the first year of the implementation of a bilingual program consisting of three levels of instruction: preliterate, beginning, and intermediate. Students were placed in one of the three levels following state and district guidelines. The instruction implemented was designed to serve students with little…

This handbook is intended to introduce tutors to literacy work with bilingual students who are fairly fluent speakers of English and who are often to be found in a literacy class for native speakers of English. The introductory section, which deals with literacy and the second language learner, covers influences on and difficulties encountered…

Based on the Oakland Neighborhood Centers experience this curriculum guide provides ideas for literacy instruction for nonliterate students in the English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) program. Section I lists some learning needs common to many literacy students. The three categories of needs are emotional and social difficulties, physical problems,…

This text is the first of a series of four levels sequenced as a continuum of language skills for Spanish speakers of limited English speaking ability in grades six through nine. Levels one and two emphasize the development of oral language skills. Levels three and four emphasize the development of written language skills. The text is divided into…

This UNESCO source book concerns the development of the teaching of English as the language of instruction in English-speaking Africa with particular attention to the problems of the secondary school course. It is intended primarily for African educators in senior positions who have not had a chance to receive formal training in teaching English…

This workbook accompanies the first text in a Business English series designed for non-English-speaking secretarial students. It provides written reinforcement of the material presented in the text; the twenty lessons in the workbook correspond to the twenty lessons in the text and give the student practice in reading and writing what he has…

This workbook accompanies the second text in a Business English series designed for non-English-speaking secretarial students. It provides written reinforcement of the material presented in that text; the fifteen lessons in the workbook correspond to the fifteen lessons in the text and give the student practice in reading and writing what he has…

This workbook accompanies the third text in a Business English series designed for non-English-speaking secretarial students. It supplements and reinforces the material in the text and gives the student practice in reading and writing what he has previously studied orally in class. The ten lessons in the workbook correspond to the ten lessons in…