This study investigated student engagement and focused attention in three co-creation environments (a paper-based environment, the 2D Jamboard platform, and the CoSpaces virtual reality (VR) platform). The study utilized a quasi-experimental research design with a total of 66 tenth-grade students including 34 males (52%) and 32 females (48%) from…

This research is aimed to find out the effect of the inside outside circle on tenth-grade students' writing narrative text at SMAN 3 Kabupaten Tangerang in the academic year 2019/2020. This research used a quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-test design. The technique of teaching used in this research is the inside outside circle. The…

The collaborative learning environment promotes socialization and learning among the students. Therefore, the present study has focused on stimulating oral interaction among students through group and collaborative learning. A qualitative survey study was conducted by selecting ten tenth-grade male students with ages ranging between 14 and 15…

Technology continually changes day-to-day interactions, and emergent bilingual learners often multitask, using several digital tools, at times simultaneously, to communicate and learn. Students may text, post on social media, and listen to music as they complete their work. Studies have examined the affordances of technology for language learning,…

Group work has become an essential part of modern methodology in teaching and learning because it offers teachers a powerful way to engage students and provides students with opportunities for cooperative learning. This study aimed to find out the students' perception of using group work in English classes. Employing a survey design involving 50…

To explore knowledge co-construction patterns and learning motivation within virtual EFL co-creation environments, this study examined behavioral patterns and motivation in three different co-creation environments (paper-based, 2D digital, and 3D VR co-creation) through sequential behavioral analysis and ANCOVA. The study utilized a…

Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) is one of the simplest of all cooperative learning methods, where team works in learning English provides students with the team opportunity to express and to communicate with each other. One of the ways to make them express and communicate with each other is by dividing the class into several team works…

Communicative language teaching has emerged in second and foreign language pedagogy due to the inadequacy of previous language teaching methods to enhance English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' communicative competence. However, old language teaching methods, mainly, grammar-translation and audio-lingual, are still prevalent in EFL…

Learning and cognitive ability are necessarily connected. Learning occurs when people engage in a series of cognitive processes. In this study, we examined how English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' cognitive abilities diffuse (i.e., change) effectively from a basic level (i.e., Remember, Understand) to a more advanced level (i.e., Apply)…

This classroom-based study explored links among second language (L2) learners' interaction mindsets, interactional behaviors, and L2 development in the context of peer interaction. While peer interaction research has revealed that certain interactional behaviors (e.g., receiving corrective feedback and engaging in collaborative interaction) assist…

This action research paper dealt with how to increase motivation towards English language learning through cooperative work in a public school in Medellín, Colombia. It was necessary to explore the concepts of teachers' beliefs, social teaching, collaborative and cooperative learning, to understand the conditions and activities that favored…