Writing systems differ in various aspects. English and Korean share basic principles of the alphabetic writing system. As an alphabetic script, Korean Hangul has relatively more regular mapping between graphemes and phonemes; however, its letters are written in syllable units, which encourages phonological retrieval at the syllable level.…

Within the field of linguistics, whether considering language contact situations (Weinreich, 1979) or foreign language education (Lado, 1957), the topic of language transfer, especially as it relates to pronunciation, has always been an item of particular interest. While research on such transfer has mostly focused on various phenomena of the L1…

Purpose: Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working within the pediatric field will find themselves working with school-age children and consequently collaborating with teaching staff. Knowledge of the links between language, speech, and literacy can support and inform successful collaboration between the SLP and the teacher and their shared goal…

We investigated how grapheme familiarity and grapheme-phoneme correspondence (GPC) congruence affect adult learners' ability to make use of orthographic input (OI) during phono-lexical acquisition. Native English speakers, with no Russian experience (naïve) or learners of Russian, heard auditory forms, saw pictured meanings, and saw written input…

Studies have shown that children benefit from a spelling pronunciation strategy in remembering the spellings of words. The current study determined whether this strategy also helps adults learn to spell commonly misspelled words. Participants were native English speaking college students (N = 42), mean age 22.5 years (SD = 7.87). An experimental…

Two prominent dual-route computational models of reading aloud are the dual-route cascaded (DRC) model, and the connectionist dual-process plus (CDP+) model. While sharing similarly designed lexical routes, the two models differ greatly in their respective nonlexical route architecture, such that they often differ on nonword pronunciation. Neither…

We examined the longitudinal predictors of nonword decoding, reading fluency, and spelling in three languages that vary in orthographic depth: Finnish, Greek, and English. Eighty-two English-speaking, 70 Greek, and 88 Finnish children were followed from the age of 5.5 years old until Grade 2. Prior to any reading instruction, they were…

Research on word production in bilinguals has often shown an advantage for cognate words. According to some accounts, this cognate effect is caused by feedback from a level that represents information about phonemes (or graphemes) to a level concerned with the word. In order to investigate whether phonological feedback influences the selection of…

Through computational modeling, here we examine whether visual and task characteristics of writing systems alone can account for lateralization differences in visual word recognition between different languages without assuming influence from left hemisphere (LH) lateralized language processes. We apply a hemispheric processing model of face…

"Decoding"--converting the written symbols (or graphemes) of an alphabetical writing system into the sounds (or phonemes) they represent, using knowledge of the language's symbol/sound correspondences--has been argued to be an important but neglected skill in the teaching of second language (L2) French in English secondary schools.…

In July 1988 the Cornish Language Board adopted the orthography known as Kernewek Kemmyn. This shift in orthography brought about a need for new pedagogical materials including a new dictionary. In 1993 The Cornish Language Board published the "Gerlyver Kernewek Kemmyn." Since its publication, there has been a great deal of controversy concerning…

This booklet is designed to provide an understanding of the relation between writing and speech, without which, the author feels, the problem of teaching children to read accurately and effectively will never be solved. Writing is simply a way of representing speech and our conventional systems of orthography are always incomplete and inaccurate…

STUDY OBJECTIVES WERE--(1) TO ANALYZE 5,000 ENGLISH WORDS TO FIND THE UNDERLYING PATTERNS IN THE SPELLING-TO-SOUND RELATIONSHIPS, (2) TO DEVELOP A MODEL FOR MAPPING SPELLING-TO-SOUND CORRESPONDENCES WHICH NOT ONLY DISPLAYS IN AN ECONOMICAL FASHION THE UNDERLYING SPELLING PATTERNS, BUT ALSO REFLECTS THE SPELLING-TO-SOUND HABITS OF THE MATURE…

Two criteria for a phonemic notation--assignment of symbols to sounds and the influence of purpose--were discussed. Also presented were three purposes of a phonemic notation: (1) as an initial teaching medium, (2) for an intermediate stage or stages of phonemic spelling reform of English, and (3) for an ultimate phonemics spelling reform. Data of…

Describes efficient spelling instruction as that which makes maximum use of the fact that part of our competence as speakers of English is our knowledge of underlying phonological forms." (Author/SW)