Drawing on Michael Cronin's analysis of "Stagecoach," and on narrative theory and image studies, this paper aims to examine the role of language and translation in two classical Hollywood westerns, namely "They Died with Their Boots On" and "Fort Apache." It will consider whether these films provide only negative…

This qualitative study inquired into secondary students' perceptions of their participation in a secondary Spanish-English two-way immersion (TWI) program, triangulating data from 166 surveys and 24 focus interviews across grades 6-12. After reviewing current research on secondary two-way immersion programs, the article describes the study and its…

Revised form of papers published in various publications. (DS)

The need for Mexican American students to become fluent in Spanish as well as proficient in English has become of prime importance in the Southwest. There are several substantial reasons why it is imperative that Mexican American youngsters become fluent in Spanish. The student's capabilities in Spanish will be important in his search for a…

This conference sought to bring to the attention of a broad audience of educators the problems facing Spanish-speakers in this country. The speakers, including Congressman Herman Badillo of New York, all agreed that not enough was being done to assist the person of Spanish background in adapting to a new and foreign culture, and presented specific…

The causes and effects of resistance to the acknowledgement and appreciation of the language skills and characteristics of United States Southwest bilinguals can be seen in both the Hispanic and Anglo communities. The cultural inferiority ideology of Americans to Mexicans is a historical cause of this resistance, and it is reflected in the…

The study examined 120 bilingual Mexican American and 24 monolingual Anglo American (pre-K-1) children's comprehension of 26 relational concepts by manipulating the natural language to separate and evaluate cognitive and linguistic variables. Six hypotheses were proposed as operating principles applicable to, but not necessarily limited to,…

THE SCHOOLS ARE ACCUSED OF HAVING FAILED IN EDUCATING THE MEXICAN AMERICAN CHILD. ONE OF THE MAIN REASONS UNDERLYING THIS FAILURE IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO AN ANGLO AMERICAN POINT OF VIEW WHICH DISCOURAGES DIVERSE CULTURES IN OUR SOCIETY. THIS SAME POINT OF VIEW REFLECTS THE NOTION THAT THE AMERICAN CULTURE IS SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHER CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS.…

The regional service center in Austin has implemented a bilingual program serving elementary-age children in 3 locales. During its 2nd year of operation, the program served 5 pilot 1st-grade classes and 5 pilot 2nd-grade classes, providing innovative materials, consultants, and in-service activities to guide teachers in developing a cohesive…