Analysis of 1980 and 1990 Public Use Microdata Samples showed that, among full-time workers, occupational sex segregation declined 6.5 percentage points, less than the 8.5 point decline in the 1970s. Three-quarters of the desegregation was due to changed gender composition of occupations, one-quarter due to faster growth in more integrated…

Data from the 1984 Survey of Income and Program Participation showed that 62% of differences in wages offered to black and white men and 67% of differences in observed wages were not due to productivity differences. Wage discrimination reduced the relative employment rate of black men from 89% to 82% of white men's rate. (SK)

The Latino workforce is increasingly critical to the vitality of the U.S. economy. Despite the importance of Latinos in the labor market, their economic contributions are limited by significant disadvantages. This research report provides an overview of Latino workers in the United States at mid-decade. We provide background information on labor…

The major finding of this study is that the rise in female labor force participation rates from 1956 to 1975 did not lower the overall level of experience. The widening gap between male and female earnings is attributed to the effects of discrimination and role differentiation. (SK)

Updates a 1976 article explaining the stability of hours of work per week in the U.S. since World War II. It introduces a revised series of the ratio of female to male wages over time. In a reply to this article, Kniesner presents estimates which support his 1976 conclusions. (CT)

Data from 707 part-time workers in 5 medical care, retail, and educational settings showed positive attitudes toward permanent positions. Married women with children were more likely to have permanent part-time jobs with higher wages; they use other part-time workers as their referents. (SK)

The nation's wage distribution grew more unequal during the 1980s, with the top and bottom becoming more concentrated at the expense of the middle. The middle of the distribution thinned out, especially for men; for women, the middle "filled in" with only a small increase in the bottom of the distribution. (JOW)

Issues relating to the employment of women on a part-time basis are discussed in this article. The price that women who work part-time are now paying and the potential impact of broadening the range of occupations in which part-time schedules are available are estimated. (Author/GC)

Japan's employment model has been that of "lifetime employment," especially for male college-educated workers. Under such a system, an individual becomes employed by a firm upon graduation and remains in its employ until retirement. (Author/SSH)

This article focuses on earnings inequality within education-experience groups, demonstrating that two simple demographic explanations are not sufficient to explain the trend. The article also shows that the proportion of people with zero earnings also increased within education-experience categories. (CT)

Despite concerns that globalization will increase unemployment and wage inequality, drive down wages and labor standards, and threaten national policy autonomy, it is clear that national policies still determine employment levels and labor standards. However, the need to protect those damaged by globalization still exists. (SK)

Analysis of data from 12,686 young adult workers demonstrated that men's wages benefited more from marriage, women's were constrained by dual marital/parental roles; detrimental effects of female-dominated occupations were more pronounced for single or childless married persons; married women experience social closure, sorting them into segregated…

Using data from the 1989 Canadian Labour-Market Activity Survey, when occupation is treated as a productivity-related characteristic, gender wage gap estimates are distorted. Using a larger number of occupations, the occupational aggregation by gender reflects barriers women face in attempting to enter male-dominated occupations. (SK)

Using self-reported sex discrimination data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women, a study found that working women who report discrimination are more likely to change employers or interrupt their labor force participation. However, women who report discrimination do not accrue less experience or have lower wage growth. (SK)