A study examined the ways in which cyclical changes in the business cycle affect unemployment rates by sex in male-dominated occupations and industries. Using data from the monthly reports on employment and earnings issued by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (1969-1982), the report examined employment rates in selected male-dominated and…

Information regarding women and work learned mainly, but not exclusively, through research and development (R&D) projects sponsored by the Employment and Training Administration's Office of Research and Development (ETA-ORD) is reviewed, and the future directions of policy on women are explored. The first chapter briefly summarizes two schools…

There is a need to reduce barriers to women's employment in skilled trades and related blue-collar jobs. Women have been found to perform successfully as machinists, carpenters, welders, or other blue-collar workers. Why are more women working outside the home? Almost three-fourths are working because they need the money. Aware that "men's jobs"…

This publication summarizes the activities during 1971 of the Citizens' Advisory Council on the Status of Women in achieving its goal to suggest, arouse public awareness and understanding, and stimulate action with private and public institutions, organization, and individuals working toward improving conditions of special concern to women. Areas…

The literature review represents an initial segment of a study providing a comprehensive analysis of available data to determine the impact of institutional training on women. The literature review concerned secondary data sources such as national labor force statistics and government data relating to women as enrollees in manpower programs.…

Investigates postwar trends in occupational segregation. Finds segregation increased slightly between 1950-60 as predominantly female clerical/professional jobs increased. Occupation mix changes (1960-70) were neutral in impact, but male inflow into female professions and female inflow into male sales/clerical jobs produced modest segregation…

Reviewing the current status of women in vocational education, the study determines whether there is a cause-effect relationship between school practices and limited job options for women in the world of work. According to a review and analysis of available data, schools at all levels are operating separate vocational education programs for women.…

A guide for beginning employment for female liberal arts graduates (referred to as FLAGs), this book describes 14 fields found to be presently most accessible to FLAGs without advanced degrees: advertising, the art world, banking and finance, book publishing, computer programing, fashion (and beauty), films, Government, magazine and newspaper…

In 1996, the child care fields employed about 2.3 million workers, and opportunities in these fields are expected to grow at a faster than average rate through the year 2005. The training and qualifications required of child care workers vary widely. Each state has licensing requirements that regulate caregiver training, ranging from a high school…

This bulletin presents an overview of strategies that practitioners identify as methods of increasing young women's access to and success in school-to-work programs in nontraditional occupations. These strategies are discussed: outreach to female students; career information and advising; training for teachers and counselors; math and science…

This report investigates six differences in promotions to administrative positions in elementary and secondary education and assesses the influence of affirmative action and equal employment opportunity enforcement. Conclusions are based on longitudinal data from Oregon and New York for thousands of individual educators employed during the 1970's…

In the post-World War II period, women have been employed in jobs that have been degraded, deskilled, and cheapened. Their employment has increasingly been in the service sector. Data supports the argument that women are treated as secondary workers in the labor market and are not paid as equals to men. Along with the degradation of women's jobs…

To expand the use of women in nontraditional industrial careers, the U.S. Air Force examined the questions of recruiting, selecting, and training women for traditionally male blue collar work. An extensive review of the literature revealed that little empirical data on the effectiveness of various administrative policies had been collected. The…

FACTUAL INFORMATION COVERS THE PARTICIPATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN IN THE LABOR FORCE, THE PATTERNS OF THEIR EMPLOYMENT, THEIR OCCUPATIONS, THEIR INCOME AND EARNINGS, THEIR EDUCATION AND TRAINING, AND THE FEDERAL AND STATE LAWS AFFECTING THE EMPLOYMENT AND THE CIVIL AND POLITICAL STATUS OF WOMEN. IN 1965, ABOUT 26 MILLION WOMEN, 37 PERCENT…

A three-year study focused on 120 women in working class jobs (approximately 75% of which were nontraditional) in three major California cities. Emphasis was on searching out factors and processes facilitating greater participation of women in nontraditional blue collar and working class occupations. Attention was given to their personal and work…