Nationally, more than 75% of individuals who are credentialed to teach are prepared in traditional college- or university-based teacher education programs (TEPs). But the college and employment pathways that prospective teachers take to TEP enrollment and completion have not been comprehensively examined. A better understanding of how credentialed…

In light of a global higher education expansion, the paper analyses the historic-structural conditions of this development for the German state(s) after World War II. Building on Talcott Parsons citizenship patterns, the analysis centres on two core institutions of the German higher education system: the state-organized system of entitlement…

Many higher education institutions award credentials below the associate's degree level, yet little is known about the pecuniary returns to sub-baccalaureate awards like diplomas (for the culmination of a program of study lasting one to two years) and certificates (for the successful completion of portions of those programs, often within one or…

While promoting postsecondary credential completion is a national priority intended to help graduates secure good jobs, the value of credentials in the labor market from the perspective of employers is not well understood. Specifically, more attention is needed to understand how credentials align with employer needs. Through in-depth interviews…

Educational credentials are clearly linked to economic success, but the reasons for this link are not clear. Common theoretical approaches provide explanations but lack direct employer perspectives on credentials' meaning and the context in which employers make sense of credentials. In this study, I used an alternative perspective based in Meyer's…

Three recently-released research reports commissioned through Project U-Turn and funded by the William Penn Foundation and the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry offer analyses that shed new light on the relationships between Philadelphians' educational attainment and their earnings, employment and contributions to government and…

With the great number of candidates in the job market today, the necessity for school officials to work through placement offices when recruiting, evaluating, and selecting teachers is emphasized. Credentials play a large part in the evaluation and selection and must be kept up to date. (Author)

Analyzed 249 questionnaires, representing companies ranging in size from 10 to 300,000 employees. Looked at trends for recruiting more experienced workers at the expense of new college graduates; who does the most hiring of experienced workers; what are the advantages, disadvantages, and obstacles in experienced hiring; and where employers go to…

In this paper we review the research evidence on the effects of affirmative action in employment, university admissions, and government procurement. We consider effects on both "equity" (or distribution) as well as "efficiency." Overall, we find that affirmative action does redistribute jobs, university admissions, and…

This study examined sources and occupational consequences of utilizing alternative educational patterns in a nationally representative sample (Retrospective Life History Sample) of black and white men. The study explored patterns of educational activities used, the antecedents of the use of alternative normative patterns, and occupational effects…

This document is a glossary of more than 750 terms, abbreviations, and acronyms that are likely to be found in recent Australian vocational education and training (VET) research and policy documents. The glossary also includes selected commonly found international terms. In those cases where a term has a broader general meaning, the definition…