This study found that occupational sex segregation began to diminish during the 1970s, in conjunction with enforcement of the equal employment opportunity laws against sex discrimination in employment. The success of these laws suggests that discrimination was originally a determinant of occupational segregation. (Author/SK)

Research which studied women truck drivers showed that the extent of tensions suffered due to being in a nontraditional occupation is less than expected, due largely to the influence of male support, sponsorship, and protection. (Author/CT)

Several themes relating to the education and employment patterns of female dropouts are examined, especially trends in women's occupations and technological change: adequacy of career education and guidance, problems of women's entry into nontraditional occupations, male attitudes, and policy considerations. (MSE)

Reports responses of 399 midwestern eighth-graders to a questionnaire consisting of stereotypes concerning women's roles, traits of working men and women, and the masculinity/femininity of 20 common occupations. (SJL)

Individual and cross case analyses were employed to explore how the pursuit of career and life satisfaction was defined and resolved by 11 elite female scientists in the process of career establishment. A taxonomy which emerged from this procedure identified the following factors that influenced the aspirations and attainments of women at the…

Although women continue to obtain full-time jobs at ever increasing rates, they remain dramatically underrepresented at the managerial level. To examine the impact of physical attractiveness and job type (traditional or nontraditional), and the interaction of these two factors on attributions about women's competence, 174 working adults (76 males…

This manual examines problems the displaced homemaker encounters on the job and offers strategies which vocational educators, counselors, and other service providers can suggest to nontraditional students for overcoming these problems. A brief overview of the displaced homemaker is provided and the term "nontraditional occupation" is defined. An…

The kinds of vocational guidance available to women from 1910 to 1940 are discussed in this paper. As the number of women college graduates increased in the 1890s and especially in the first decade of the 20th century, concern also grew for what all these trained women would do to earn a living after they graduated and before they married (if they…

The proceedings of a conference are presented, at which representatives from various Washington County (Maryland) women's organizations discussed education, employment, career choice, and domestic violence in relation to the status of women. The monograph first presents four position papers dealing with these conference themes: Diane E. Weaver…

Since the reemergence of the women's movement in the early 1970's, it has been necessary to reexamine women's definitions of success and attitudes toward work across a spectrum of traditional and non-traditional jobs. Three basic hypotheses were tested: women in female-dominated jobs (1) have higher fear of success imagery and (2) attach more…

Data from in-depth interviews with more than one hundred women over a three-year period suggest that the experience of women in skilled and semiskilled jobs contradicts the conventional wisdom about the values and motives of these women and challenge many sociological findings regarding the alienating character of much blue collar work. The women…

Presents results of a study spanning 14 years of career and life development for 117 women who finished college in 1967 and were studied in 1967, 1970, and 1981. Compares their career and family plans to directions actually taken. Shows shift in labor force participation and tension between work and family. (SA)

This paper documents the efforts of Albuquerque Technical Vocational Institute's (TVI) Trades and Service Occupations Department to recruit and support women in nontraditional occupations. Nontraditional careers are defined as those occupations in which women comprise less than 25 percent of the population. While women are entering professional…

Research on tokenism processes is reviewed and coalesces around two conclusions. First, gender constructs different social contexts for token women and for token men. Second, gender is most usefully conceptualized as a status variable, not something internal to the individual. Gender serves as a status marker such that women's subordinated status…

This chartbook documents with extensive charts what happened between 1970-75 in improving job opportunities for women, with special emphasis on the progress made in business. Employment data come from census, payroll, report, and survey information. Section 1 considers male-female employment profiles (1970, 1975) for the whole economy. Section 2…