Women as a group are uniquely exposed to the pressures created by multiple roles and conflicting expectations. To assess stress, health, resistance resources, and overall emotional dysphoria (anxiety, depression, hostility) of women from various occupational, marital, and parental statuses, 64 women, aged 25-45 years, completed the Scale of Stress…

The author states that moving more women into nontraditional occupations in the future will depend on the willingness of employers and educators alike to continue to accept the challenge to do so--to be innovative in their approaches and to persevere despite tenacious beliefs about stereotypical women's roles. (CT)

Reviews literature concerning women who choose nontraditional occupations. Discusses female career choice in general, and describes characteristics and traits of the nontraditionalistic woman, including personality, motivational and background traits. Discusses the effects of federal antidiscrimination legislation and current trends in women's…

Explored the relationships between network variables and level of self-valuing within a group of women who demonstrated interest in careers traditionally associated with males. The major focus was on the differential importance of male-referenced versus female-referenced variables in predicting level of self-regard within such a group. (Author/PAS)

Vocational and technical schools are now preparing many women for trade and craft work. Vocational educators should be aware of myths that have persisted concerning women in the work force and also of legal and economic implications of equal employment opportunity for women. (JOW)

Data from 525 professionals and semiprofessionals were used to demonstrate that one's sex is a more important factor than occupational competencies for persons in opposite-sex-dominated occupations. The findings suggest that opposite-sex colleagues tend to ignore competence in lieu of one's sex. (Author/SK)

Investigates the theory that differences in well-being and emotional distress may be a function of gender-role socialization--especially the masculine sex role orientation. Findings indicate that sex role socialization is related to differences in occupational strain and coping, and that the masculine orientation has adaptive significance for the…

Drawing on research from a number of European countries, the contributors to this book present nine detailed studies on women's work spanning 2 centuries and dealing with a variety of work environments. "General Introduction" (Gertjan de Groot, Marlou Schrover) provides an overview of the book's content. "Frames of Reference: Skill,…

This report describes BRIDGES, an employment equity special measures training program developed by the City of Toronto (Ontario, Canada). It was designed to help women employees move from their traditional jobs into trades, technical or operation (TTO) jobs within their own organization. The program is a combination of classroom sessions, shop…

A study was conducted jointly by Women in the Building Trades (WIBT), and the Wellesley Center for Research on Women to learn about the experiences of women in the building trades. A questionnaire was distributed at a state conference and mailed to the mailing list of WIBT. All told, 431 questionnaires were distributed, and 131 (30%) were…

Apprenticeship training programs in Hawaii offer an effective means for men and women to attain skills necessary for productive work. Hawaii's two sources of apprenticeship training are the Apprenticeship Division of the Hawaii Department of Labor and Industrial Relations and Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard (PHNS). Despite the efforts of these…

The first part of this document is a fact sheet that provides information on health hazards faced by employed women. It covers the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), job-related diseases suffered by workers in female-dominated occupations, employer responsibilities under OSHA, and the lack of statistical reporting on job-related disease.…

This report presents the work of a seminar that focused attention on the occupational segregation of men and women in developing nations in Asia. Chapters I and II give a summary of the seminar proceedings and the full text of its findings. Chapter III is devoted to five resource papers: "Diversification of Women's Occupations: A Regional…

Describes "comparable worth" and discusses women's earnings versus men's earnings, the reason for this earnings gap, the structure of the labor market, arguments against comparable worth, jobs traditionally held by women, the role of vocational educators, and teaching women about job ladders. (CT)

Predictions from Polachek's theory explaining occupational sex segregation are tested and found to be false. The data do not show that women are penalized less for intermittent employment if they choose predominantly female occupations. There is no evidence that such a choice is economically rational. (Author/SK)