Investigates childhood and adolescent career aspirations of a sample of white, middle to upper class girls. In childhood, those aspiring to male-dominated careers were somewhat older and more tomboyish, had higher IQs and more educated parents. As adolescents they had higher educational aspirations, and were less likely to anticipate being married…

Examined the perceptions of 237 women who worked in three sex-specific occupational categories and the effects of their participation in these occupations on several psychological and physical health variables. Found that women in female-dominated occupations showed more psychological and physical distress than did those in other occupations.…

Women in nontraditional business roles were more achieving, emphasized production more, saw themselves as having characteristics more like managers, and considered the domestic role less important. The two groups did not differ in attitude toward the importance of their careers, or their perceptions of their husband's attitudes. (Author)

Women administrators experienced lower levels of stress than their male counterparts, particularly with respect to boundary-spanning stress and conflict-mediating stress, both of which relate to stress arising from the management of the organization-external environment interface. Women administrators stood up to the pressures of their job better…

Literature on women in occupations where men predominate is reviewed from 1930 through 1976 and discussed with reference to women's personality and background characteristics. Data are discussed as supporting Almquist and Angrist's "enrichment hypothesis" whereby the nontraditional woman is seen as the product of unusual, positive factors. (Author)

Although all women medical students have demonstrated occupational role innovation by their career choice, their selection of the field in which they will specialize during their medical careers (secondary career choice) may or may not represent additional innovation. Women enrolled in two medical schools in 1975-76 who stated that they had made a…

Three hypotheses were derived from our basic premise that, among women, social factors are critical in the choice of a high status, nontraditional career. Women applying to nontraditional careers should have lower affilitative needs than women applying to traditional careers. As compared with women entering a traditional field, women entering a…

Analysis of occupational data from the 1960 and 1970 Censuses and the Current Population Surveys for 1971-1981 reveals that occupational segregation of men and women declined more rapidly in the United States during the 1970s than during the 1960s. Most of the decline was due to changes in the sex composition of traditionally male occupations.…

In a coal mining community, a survey revealed that the level of negative sentiment toward women coal miners was substantial and varied by gender role. Male coal miners were negative toward female co-workers, but they supported women's right to coal mine jobs, while female homemakers did not. (Author/CH)

During the 1970s the most important shift in the distribution of the sexes by occupation was the larger female representation among managers; the proportion of specific occupations that were male-dominated declined, but the share that were female-intensive remained the same. (Author/SK)

Compared 80 professional women with very atypical to very traditional careers. Subjects in atypical careers scored higher on cognitive measures, psychological masculinity, and, in law, achievement motivation. Childhood experiences of women in atypical careers included: more masculine play patterns and less coercion by parents to fit a feminine…

Respondents among a sample of 86 women in nontraditional occupations indicated that the challenge of succeeding in such occupations was a primary source of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the first year. Later, they became more concerned with traditional sources of satisfaction and the inherent dissatisfactions of blue-collar jobs. (Author/SK)

Women holding male-dominated jobs are more likely to be older and better educated, have fathers with higher educational levels, be childless, and rate success as more important to feelings of well-being. Women in female-dominated jobs rated the importance of their work higher than did women in male-dominated jobs. (Author)

Investigated differences in career experiences of African-American women in traditional (n=85) and nontraditional (n=48) professions. Results indicated marriage was more of a barrier for nontraditionals than traditionals. Nontraditionals were more likely to report barriers to career success such as racial and gender discrimination, limited…

Women workers are establishing an identity for themselves in the traditionally male-dominated work world of mechanics, carpenters, construction workers, technicians, and engineers, drawn by incentives ranging from higher pay to training and advancement opportunities. Of the over 12.5 million women employed in industrial and service occupations,…