Models of aggregate production are estimated and used to investigate the effects of changes in labor force composition on the recently observed decline in the earnings of college graduates relative to other workers and on the fall in the earnings of younger workers relative to older workers. (Author/SSH)

This data analysis concludes that vocational education will increase a high school graduate's earnings, that benefits of training for women and immigrants should be considered in policy planning, and that black males do not financially benefit as much as others from vocational education. (CT)

Examines wage-setting policies as different conceptualizations of fairness. Focuses on comparable worth as an alternative to existing wage-setting policies. Analyzes the contributions of social psychology research on distributive justice and procedural justice to understanding the determination of job worth and the dynamics of implementing…

Integrates the major conclusions of the papers on comparable worth in this special issue, and identifies additional relevant issues. Covers the following major topics: (1) history and conceptual issues; (2) social psychological aspects to pay equity; (3) job evaluation issues and applications; and (4) policy implementation and implications. (JS)

Data from the Current Population Surveys of October 1984, October 1989, and January 1991 were used to examine the role of computer and mathematical skills in the U.S. labor market from 1984-91. Particular attention was given to their actual and potential effect on the economic status of women. Data confirmed the overall increase in the education…

This volume includes revised presentations and commentaries from a workship to review evidence for various theoretical explanations for occupational segregation and to report empirical research to enlarge understanding of the topic. An introduction summarizes contents. In part I five chapters on the extent of and trends in segregation document a…

Patterns of employment in U.S. industry today were studied in order to explore factors behind the low income and lagging occupational status of black women workers. The data collected for this group were contrasted with similar data for white women workers. The study found (1) substantial underrepresention in hiring black women at all income…

This report discusses sex-based wage discrimination, the role of comparable worth doctrine in analyzing or combating such discrimination, and the appropriateness of the remedial prescriptions that comparable worth doctrine envisions. The report consists of a brief introduction and five chapters. Chapter 1 presents a brief overview of women in the…

After a brief discussion of conference background and structure, these proceedings identify and summarize equal pay and employment policy issues discussed at a four-day working conference of sixty-five people from twelve advanced industrialized countries. Focus is on progress to date and alternative strategies for implementing policies. Strategies…

Issued on the 35th anniversary of the signing of the Equal Pay Act (1963), this report is a historical analysis of the economic trends affecting women workers from the years leading up to passage of the act through the present. It is divided into three time periods to highlight important developments: Part I--The Early Impact of the Equal Pay Act,…

The source of data for analysis of earning differences between men and women was the High School and Beyond (HS&B) study that tracked the 1980 sophomore class from high school to postsecondary education and the labor market. Analyses indicated that in 1992, 10 years after most of the students who were the subjects in the study graduated from…

Describes issues involved in the implementation of comparable worth in Canada. Discusses the international relevance of Canada's experience because of its extensive coverage, application to private sector, integration with collective bargaining, and emphasis on proactive approach. Discusses issues of fairness concerning practical aspects of…

Women of Hispanic origin are one of the fastest growing groups in the United States. In 1983 there were 5.1 million Hispanic women aged 16 years and older in the United States, but by the end of 1993 they numbered nearly 8 million. Women of Mexican origin remained the largest subgroup (4.7 million), followed by those of Puerto Rican (919,000) and…

Pay equity, sometimes referred to as comparable worth, is a remedy for wage discrimination based on race or sex. It's basic premise is that pay should be based on job-related factors such as skill, effort, responsibility and working conditions, not on a worker's gender or race. Studies have consistently demonstrated that jobs predominantly held by…

Using data from 1974 to 1977 National Opinion Research Center Surveys, the investigator examined differentials in income between currently employed white men and women aged 25 to 64 (sample size: 965 men and 672 women). Special attention was given to explanatory effects of occupational characteristics other than those traditionally used in the…