Gender pay gaps in earnings are well-documented in the literature. However, new factors contributing to women's lower earnings have emerged and remain under-researched. Educational choices are among them. We use a rich administrative dataset from Poland, a Central Eastern European country with high tertiary education enrolment and high female…

While the benefits of early childhood education and care (ECEC) services to better learning are now widely acknowledged, a widespread and accessible provision for these services also helps support gender equality in the workforce. In particular, the availability, intensity, reliability and affordability of ECEC play an important role in engaging…

A case study of a Polish company undergoing restructuring demonstrates the influence of political, economic, and social change on postcommunist personnel management. It investigates whether change is providing opportunities to improve the employment status of women. (SK)

Reviews literacy and challenges in women's education during Poland's social transformation, women's participation in the transition, the role of women's organizations in encouraging workforce participation, and educational activities of women's organizations. (SK)

Concerned with attitudes toward career and marriage among women students in present day Poland, this paper reports that the overt conflict between marriage and career so often encountered among American students seems absent in Poland. Findings are based on literature and personal interviews. (Author/DS)

In Poland over 70 percent of married women are gainfully employed. They perform traditional female roles as wives, mothers and housekeepers, as well as the modern role of employee. Coping with both roles at the same time has important social consequences for women, such as family and career conflict. (Author)

This bulletin reviews recent fertility-related trends in the nine Eastern European socialist countries where official policy is explicitly pronatalist to varying degrees in all but Yugoslavia. That fertility was generally higher here than in Western Europe in the mid-1970s is credited to pronatalist measures undertaken when fertility fell below…

These free papers presented at an International Committee on Family Research (CFR) seminar include (1) Frances E. Baum's "There's No Room in the Nuclear Family: Sharing As an Alternative Housing Option"; (2) Paula W. Dail's "Parental Role Perceptions among Young, Dual Parent Families in America: Family Policy Implications for the…

Compiling available statistical information on the status of women in health careers, the chart book was designed for use at the International Conference on Women in Health. Tables and figures illustrate statements through statistics and graphs. In the section dealing with the United States, tables present a broad statistical base, and figures…