Peer relationships play an important role in socialization during childhood and young adolescence. Negative relationships may pose multiple difficulties for children related to their development that can have lifelong influences. Research indicates that the quality of peer relationships is associated with a variety of outcomes, such as social…

The primary research question in this study was whether adolescents' experiences of and responses to teasing were related to the content of a tease and to particular ethnicity. Caucasian (n = 27) and African American adolescents (n = 22) between 12 to 17 years of age were asked to write about an experience of being teased regarding an aspect of…

Assessed university students' knowledge about homosexuality in relation to their degree of homonegativism, i.e., physical, social, and emotional distancing from homosexuals, and selected personal variables. Respondents who were better informed about homosexuality proved less homonegative, particularly those with homosexual friend or family member.…

Sixty-seven third-year medical students at the University of Ottawa were interviewed at the beginning and end of a month-long clerkship in psychiatry in order to determine the potential for negative postclerkship attitudes and the extent to which they can be modified. The importance of identifying vulnerable students is emphasized. (Author/LBH)

Evaluated the role of depression, internal/external attributions, and sex differences in negative arousal in problematic social situations. Using depressed and nondepressed students' ratings of causality and reported arousal, found those who attributed causality to internal factors experienced more negative arousal, and females experienced more…

Interviews with 20 adults who chose not to participate in literacy programs revealed that they valued education and learning but considered "school" unacceptable. Reasons were categorized as ideological/cultural, personal/emotive, or age-related resistance. (SK)

A series of 4 studies involving 547 college students and community adults report the development of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, its validity with clinical and nonclinical samples, and its correlation with measures of related constructs. The scale provides information about heightened responses to aversive procedures or events. (SLD)

The social functioning of 64 young adolescents (10- to 12-year olds) was examined in relation to negative emotionality and regulation during early adolescence, as well as two, four, and six years earlier. Young adolescents who were viewed as relatively high in social functioning (i.e., high teacher-rated school social competence; low mother- or…

This study provides a correlational meta-analysis of 65 independently written or published studies on teacher stress between 1998 and 2003. We measured the relationships between teacher stress and numerous other constructs including coping, burnout, emotional responses, personality mediators, personal support, environmental structure, and…

Previous research has found that sympathetic arousal will cue information stored in memory with a similar level of arousal. To investigate the effect of arousal on the interpretation of other people's emotions, three studies were conducted. In the first study, 37 adult tennis players, who were either about to play tennis or who had just played,…

Examined college women's perceptions of unwanted intercourse. Results indicated that highly negative feelings are attributed to the man in the refuse situation, and to the majority of the women in both the accept and refuse situations. A theory of unwanted intercourse is proposed that attributes its high incidence to four societal norms.…

General Strain Theory (GST) argues that drug use is one way adolescents mitigate negative emotions brought on by aversive environmental stimuli. To date, many of the empirical tests of the strain-drug use relationship have neglected to include measures of negative emotion, despite its prominence in GST's etiology of deviant behavior. The following…

Helper-judged frequency and discomfort values were established for potentially challenging interaction situations between nonprofessional child aides and young maladapting school children. Child aggression, family problems, limit-testing behavior, and rarely experienced situations produced greater helper discomfort than did the child's need to…

Metaphors, as linguistic cultural artifacts of organization culture, can be used as catalysts to encourage reflection and discussion on campus culture with key campus leaders, both faculty and administrators. An analysis of interviews with administrators, faculty, and departmental secretaries is discussed. (MLW)

Research indicates significant levels of burnout in academic teaching librarians. This article describes parallels with other "helping professions" and examines characteristics, causes, and solutions of burnout, inside and outside the classroom. Solutions should be sought in research on similar professions and their effectiveness should…