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ERIC Number: ED659689
Record Type: Non-Journal
Publication Date: 2023-Sep-27
Pages: N/A
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
Policy Implications for the Maine Educational Opportunity Tax Credit
Hannah Acheson-Field
Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness
In 2008, Maine implemented the Educational Opportunity Tax Credit (EOTC), a tax credit that repays up to $4,400 of student loan debt to filers who live in Maine, work in Maine, are paying towards their student debt, and who have an eligible degree. In 2019, Maine Revenue Services (MRS) provided 14,341 EOTC tax credits to 19,798 people, with annual costs of credits amounting to approximately $30M (Figure A-1). This is a relatively large program for a small state. State appropriations for the University of Maine System (UMS) and Maine Community College System (MCCS) were $229M and $76M, respectively, so the EOTC represents about 10 percent of state funding for public universities in Maine (Maine State Legislature Office of Fiscal and Program Review, 2019). In this paper, I will discuss the EOTC's program design and implementation and the implications for program take-up. My primary dataset includes a rich panel dataset comprised of tax returns linked to administrative records from the University of Maine System (UMS) and Maine Community College System (MCCS). My sample includes approximately 73,000 graduates from 2008 to 2019 from UMS and MCCS. I also used data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) for intuition-level data on student enrollment and completion rates. I also conducted 30- to 60-minute-long semi-structured interviews with financial aid officers at ten out of twenty-eight colleges or universities in Maine (about thirty-six percent). Overall, I find that in the early years of the EOTC, the number of credits administered and take-up were low (the share of eligible filers who receive the credit). Since 2012, the number of EOTC credits has increased. However, take-up, the share of eligible filers who apply for and receive the EOTC, remains low, at about 40 percent for filers with a bachelor's degree. This low take-up is likely driven by a lack of awareness about the EOTC, complicated eligibility criteria, and a complicated application. This work was written in response to a report requested by the legislature, which was submitted to Maine Revenue Services in February 2022 (Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 20-A, ยง 12545). As a result, the policy salience of this work is clear: this work may provide insight as the Maine legislature amends and adapts the program. In February 2022, Maine governor Janet Mills announced her support for significant changes to the EOTC, which simplified the EOTC by eliminating most eligibility criteria, thereby simplifying the application. These changes were implemented for tax year 2022 through the Student Loan Repayment Tax Credit (Collins, 2022; Mills, 2022).
Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness. 2040 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208. Tel: 202-495-0920; e-mail: contact@sree.org; Web site: https://www.sree.org/
Publication Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education; Two Year Colleges
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness (SREE)
Identifiers - Location: Maine
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A