Analyzes trends in the social function of children's institutions of Israel (where 20% of youth are educated in residential settings) from the pre-statehood period to the present. Argues that the study of the way a society uses its institutions for children is a good measure of long-range national goals. (KH)

This article proposes that the experience of people categorized as having intellectual disabilities is inadequately represented by disability theory premised on the socially constructed duality between disability and impairment. It argues that representation within the wide world of disability will only be achieved by thinking of disability on a…

A critical approach to the application of research by developmental psychologists is proposed, using a concept of culture derived from agricultural metaphors in the English language. The approach is illustrated in a study of afterschool activities for California children. (SLD)

A theoretical analysis is advanced that discusses social cognitive theory at the group level to explain the formation and impact of collective efficacy. Consistent with social cognitive theory, mastery experience was found to be a significant predictor of differences between schools in teachers' collective efficacy perceptions. (Author)

The change processes involving schools that are currently experiencing turbulent social reconstruction in eastern Europe are examined in this paper, which calls for the development of a new paradigm for social change. The first section describes recent educational reform activities and their flaws in three eastern European countries--Russia,…

This paper discusses: (1) the link between the conservative education policies of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher and conservative educational thinking; (2) political, economic, and sociological conservative theories; and (3) characteristics of conservative thinking in education. The extent to which conservatives hold congruent or distinctive…

This book describes an interactive-interdisciplinary way of looking at the social conditions which impinge upon schooling, and which impact upon the social facts of life. It examines current schooling problems from the perspective of radical social democratic thought. The book is organized into four major sections. Part 1 provides an overview and…

This volume represents the results of an effort to reconsider school desegregation research from a "situational" perspective--one that recognizes macro and micro processes, objective and subjective forces, and proximal and distal influences. Part I is an introduction, "The Desegregation Situation," written by Jeffrey Prager,…

The philosophy of phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty, who views the individual and society as contributors to a dynamic, ambiguous process, is applicable to educational philosophy. Merleau-Ponty's concern with free men and their relationship to the world centers on his concept of self, others, intersubjectivity, and morality. The self's contact…

Provides a general overview of research on the sociology of school knowledge which has focused on the dynamics of class, gender, and race. Presents a framework for analyzing how these ideological dynamics produce the stratification of culture and people in education. (KH)

Analyzes how and why upper-middle-class children did not receive reading remediation during a summer program designed for this purpose. Explores reasons that people may resist (covertly or overtly) while simultaneously helping to sustain a particular set of social relations, institutional practices, and ideological legitimations. (CMG)

Schools are perhaps the most complex of all U.S. formal organizations. The primary objective of this book is to enhance insight into human behavior within organizations in order to promote greater skill in governing skills. The book develops three major conceptual frameworks that have important implications for schools. Chapter 1 develops the…

Agrees with Brian Rowan that ideas about teaching and learning have powerful implications for many aspects of school administration and that professional preparation must centrally engage these ideas. Presents three complementary themes from contemporary research that raise additional considerations and point in other directions: the sociocultural…

Reviews Cambodia's educational development, characterized by a series of successive crises since the country's independence from France in 1953. Examines various approaches of development discourse to the educational crisis, and suggests that previous analyses of Cambodia's educational development have failed to recognize the tensions generated by…

This paper uses constructivist theory as a framework to examine a transition in the supervisory relationship between teachers and administrators. The study examined a central New York school district attempting to shift responsibility for professional growth from administrators to teachers, with a focus on the meaning ascribed to new roles and…