Information on the condition of K-12 education in Iowa during 1990 is presented in this document. To provide comparisons across time, comparable data for the 1985-86 school year are also presented. Following the introduction, the first section describes statewide initiatives for improvement and quality assurance and for increased educational opportunities. The following sections describe the status of education through three types of indicators: (1) input, such as funding, human resources, and enrollment; (2) process, such as curricular offerings; and (3) output, such as student achievement data. Each section begins with a summary of the major findings, an introduction to the topic, and a detailed description of the major findings. The final section provides an overview of the history of the state's educational system. Appendices contain additional data on the major findings. Thirteen tables and 28 figures are included. (LMI)