Urgent societal needs in Asia require a wider concept of learning and a wider role for the teacher, parents, peers, community, and mass media. (Author/DE)

African teachers should shift away from the present preoccupation with Western education in favor of an emphasis on current African socioeconomic and cultural issues. (Author/DE)

Reviews research on curriculum development in developing nations (particularly Thailand, Latin America, Israel, Jamaica, and Papua New Guinea), including input output studies, teacher effectiveness studies, and studies of school and classroom organization. Concludes that effective and innovative practices promote teacher involvement in curriculum…

In production-function studies, inputs (like teacher salaries) trump inputs contributing directly to educational output (like books or instructional materials). Educators prefer inputs that benefit them. Parents have been insufficiently strong on behalf of books. Increasing parent influences over expenditure allocations might increase schools'…

Social and institutional factors in the Solomon Islands, shaped by colonialism and modernization, affect classroom practice, constraining teachers' use of cultural knowledge. The article challenges notions of cultural congruence as solutions to classroom problems, distinguishing between appropriation of childrens' culture for hegemonic interests…

Educational production can be studied by correlating levels of academic achievement with three independent variables: student's family background, student's mental ability, and school quality. To examine family background and school quality, information was gathered from schools in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru.…

Demonstrates that socio-economic factors such as family background are important in determining student achievement, but are reinforced by factors such as teaching and learning resources. Presents a study of student achievement in mathematics and science related to parental education and occupation and to type of school. (LS)

Part 1 of this paper reviews major research findings on the relationship of teacher characteristics to student achievement. Of the 16 teacher variables analyzed, those identified as important to student performance are teacher certification, ability and achievement, experience, inservice training, expectations for students, and methods. Policy…

The 1974 Educational Testing Service (ETS) Measurement Award was presented to J.P. Guilford at the ETS Invitational Conference. Irving Kristol, in "Moral and Ethical Development in a Democratic Society," called for the restoration of authority within our major social institutions, especially schools. Martin Trow examined the effects of the college…