Examines the relationship between National College Entrance Examinations and political centralism in China's higher education, presenting a history of this system and describing its purposes, characteristics, influence on K-12 education, strengths and limitations, and future. Recognizes how this system serves the political needs of commoners and…

Despite remarkable progress in education, China and India still face problems of massive illiteracy; lack of universal access to education; a hierarchical, elitist, examination-oriented system unrelated to economic needs and productive labor; a large number of unemployed school leavers; and dependence on foreign models, particularly at the higher…