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Zirkel, Perry A. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2003
Analyzes California case ("Newdow v. U.S. Congress") involving Constit utional challenge to the phrase "under God" in the Pledge of Allegiance wherein the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that the phrase violated the Establishment Clause requiring state-church separation. (Contains 11 references.) (PKP)
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Courts, State Church Separation
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kramer, Liz – Journal of Law & Education, 2002
Examines effectiveness of court challenges to education-finance systems in achieving need-driven educational equity, focusing on California, Kentucky, and Texas. Provides overview of education-finance litigation and goals of finance reform. Describes funding system in each state both pre- and post-litigation; uses statistical measures to discuss…
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Educational Equity (Finance), Educational Finance, Elementary Secondary Education
California State and Consumer Services Agency, Sacramento. Office of Statewide Compliance Coordination. – 1981
This index is divided into two sections: an Index on Federal Regulations and an Abstracts section of Court Cases and Administrative Decisions. Section 1 provides a topic index and comparison of contents and coverage of 16 federal departments with regulations established as of August 1981. Presented in tabular form, this index shows major topics…
Descriptors: Accessibility (for Disabled), Adult Education, Affirmative Action, Compliance (Legal)