K-3 teachers face challenges in meeting the learning needs of their emergent bilingual (EB) students in rural southeastern schools in the United States. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore K-3 teacher perspectives on challenges to meet the English language learning needs of their EB students and to identify what K-3 teachers…

Despite known inequalities of digital access in rural Canada, we know little about the foundational digital literacies learning needs of students attending rural elementary schools. This exploratory case study, conducted in Ontario, presents 13 rural-serving Grade 4-6 teachers' insights on the access needs and digital literacies learning needs of…

The rapid growth in the number of English learners (ELs) in urban and rural school classrooms and the continual homogenization of a White, female, teaching force in the United States create cultural and linguistic disconnections in the classroom. As research suggests, although classroom diversity and ELs' academic needs could be addressed by…

Ms. Lewis, a Native American parent has a son named Ashkii who receives special education services in a rural elementary school located on a reservation. She has not received support from the individual education program team regarding Ashkii's academic progress due to COVID-19. The challenges in accessing special education services for Ms. Lewis…

Trauma-Informed Elementary Schools (TIES) is a program designed to bring trauma-informed services to early elementary classrooms. Built on a foundation of adverse childhood experiences research and the Attachment, Self-Regulation, and Competency framework, TIES provides early intervention to children who exhibit symptoms of chronic stress or…

Rural communities across the United States are experiencing a rapid increase in the number of immigrant students. While the number of culturally and linguistically diverse students continues to grow within Midwestern states, the demographics of teachers remain white, female, and monolingual. Often teachers have little to no training working with…

It is estimated that up to 13% of children have been exposed to three or more adverse childhood experiences. The problem addressed by this study was the lack of adequate and appropriate teacher preparation in the support needed to combat the negative effects of adverse childhood experiences which can inadvertently intensify the academic,…

Context: This research contributes to a growing body of scholarship on affirming and accommodating transgender and gender-diverse students in elementary school spaces by exploring how institutional resistance to gender-inclusive practices manifested in a single rural school district. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: The study…

Response to intervention (RTI) allows schools to support the academic success of English learners (ELs) while helping educators rule out cultural or linguistic differences and educational background as the root of ELs' academic or behavioral struggles. However, in rural schools, insufficient training in how to effectively instruct ELs and limited…

The general problem addressed by this study was that students who have been retained in the elementary grades were more likely to drop out of high school than their low achieving but socially promoted peers. The specific problem addressed in this study was that it is unclear what factors during students' retained years contribute to their…

"Trauma-Responsive Schooling" outlines a novel approach to transforming American schools through student-centered, trauma-informed practices. The book chronicles the use of an innovative educational model, Trauma-Responsive Equitable Education (TREE), as part of a multiyear research project in two elementary schools in rural Maine. In…

Community and School-Based Behavioral Health Service (CSBBH) was developed through a collaborative process that included schools, behavioral health providers, counties, and a payor. The clinical model within CSBBH relies on a common factors approach. To evaluate the effectiveness of CSBBH to meet the needs of students across a diverse state,…

Positive behavior intervention and supports (PBIS) is a program that was designed to address the behavior needs of students in a schoolwide setting. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the differences on student discipline and academic performance in rural elementary schools among third grade students in schools that were…

Although rural U.S. school districts are experiencing increases in emergent multilingual learners (EMLLs), many lack the resources for employing TESOL-specialized staff or training mainstream teachers in how to meet these students' needs (Freeman Field, n.d.). Indeed, professional development (PD) in TESOL is a continued, persistent necessity for…

Today's classrooms contain students with a variety of needs. Although teachers work to differentiate and meet the needs of diverse students, inclusion of students with physical disabilities can present multiple obstacles in science classrooms. However, with advanced planning and strategic accommodations, the needs of these students can often be…