The relationship between child-rearing practices and motor skill performance of elementary school Black and White children is examined in terms of running and jumping skills and authoritarian control attitudes of their mothers. (CJ)

This study investigated the effect of birth order and sex on goal setting and actual performance by elementary school boys and girls on a ring-toss task. Results indicated that firstborn boys set higher goals and performed significantly better than later-born boys, firstborn girls, or later-born girls. (Author/SJL)

This study examined the meanings elementary school students attached to the concept of ability in physical education. The focus was on the criteria children use to assess competence for themselves and others, and the extent to which children use normative information to make the assessments. Interviews indicated students used their ability level…

Randomly assigned 80 boys and girls in grades 3 and 7 to either a football-related or a dance-related group. Performance expectancies obtained prior to engaging in a novel motor task can be affected by the way a task is presented. Boys were more affected than girls by labels of sex appropriateness. (Author/BJV)